Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement On Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, No.81 Longcheng Street, Xiaodian, Taiyuan, 030031, Shanxi, China.
College of Agriculture of Shanxi, Agricultural University, Taigu, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 17;14(1):21720. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-72568-9.
To elucidate the mechanisms underlying photoperiodic responses, we investigated the genomic and metabolomic responses of two broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) genotypes. For this purpose, light-insensitive (D32) and light-sensitive (M51) genotypes were exposed to a 16 h photoperiod (long-day (LD) conditions) and an 8 h photoperiod (short-day (SD) conditions), and various transcriptomic and metabolomic changes were investigated. A total of 1664, 2564, 13,017, and 15548 DEGs were identified in the SD-D, LD-D, LD-M, and SD-M groups, respectively. Furthermore, 112 common DEGs were identified as well. Interestingly, most DEGs in the different groups were associated with photosynthesis and phenylpropanoid and carotenoid biosynthesis. In addition, 822 metabolites were identified under different treatments. The main metabolites, including L-malic and fumaric acids, were identified in the negative mode, whereas brucine and loperamide were identified in the positive mode. KEGG analysis revealed that the metabolites in the different groups were enriched in the same metabolic pathway of the TCA cycle. Furthermore, in negative mode, the metabolites of M51 were mainly D-glucose, whereas those of D32 were mainly L-malic and fumaric acids. One photoperiod candidate gene (C2845_PM11G01290), annotated as ATP6B, significantly increased the levels of L-malic and fumaric acids. In conclusion, our study provides a theoretical basis for understanding the molecular mechanisms of photoperiodic response regulation and can be used as a reference for marker development and resource identification in Panicum miliaceum L..
为了阐明光周期反应的机制，我们研究了两个黍（Panicum miliaceum L.）基因型的基因组和代谢组反应。为此，我们将不敏感光（D32）和敏感光（M51）基因型暴露于 16 小时光照（长日（LD）条件）和 8 小时光照（短日（SD）条件）下，并研究了各种转录组和代谢组变化。在 SD-D、LD-D、LD-M 和 SD-M 组中分别鉴定出 1664、2564、13017 和 15548 个差异表达基因（DEGs）。此外，还鉴定出 112 个共同的 DEGs。有趣的是，不同组中的大多数 DEGs 与光合作用以及苯丙烷和类胡萝卜素生物合成有关。此外，还鉴定出 822 种不同处理下的代谢物。主要代谢物，包括 L-苹果酸和富马酸，在负离子模式下被鉴定出，而苦参碱和洛哌丁胺则在正离子模式下被鉴定出。KEGG 分析表明，不同组中的代谢物富集在 TCA 循环的相同代谢途径中。此外，在负离子模式下，M51 的代谢物主要是 D-葡萄糖，而 D32 的代谢物主要是 L-苹果酸和富马酸。一个光周期候选基因（C2845_PM11G01290），注释为 ATP6B，显著增加了 L-苹果酸和富马酸的水平。总之，本研究为理解光周期反应调控的分子机制提供了理论基础，并可作为黍属标记开发和资源鉴定的参考。
