School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Sep 17;24(1):2524. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19905-9.
This study aims to explore the development status of the supply level of professional public health resources in Beijing Municipality, analyze the areal differences and spatial distribution characteristics of the supply level in 16 districts, and provide a scientific basis for promoting the balanced development of the supply level of professional public health resources in each district of Beijing Municipality.
Based on panel data from Statistical Yearbook of Health Work in Beijing Municipality and Health and Family Planning Work in Beijing Municipality from 2014 to 2022. Using the entropy method to measure the supply level of professional public health resources in Beijing, employing the Dagum Gini coefficient and Kernel density estimation method to analyze the spatial differentiation characteristics and dynamic evolution process of the supply level, and using heat maps to display the spatial distribution of the supply level in various districts of Beijing.
The Dagum Gini coefficient of the supply level of professional public health resources in Beijing Municipality decreased continuously from 0.3419 in 2014 to 0.29736 in 2020, then gradually increased, showing a trend of initially decreasing and then increasing overall spatial differences. The spatial differences mainly stem from differences between areas. The kernel density curve shows that the supply level of professional public health resources in Beijing Municipality gradually increased, slightly decreased after 2021, and did not form a situation of two or multi-level differentiation.
From 2014 to 2022, the supply level of professional public health resources in Beijing Municipality showed an overall upward trend, but attention should be paid to the decline after 2021; spatial differences initially decreased and then increased, and the differences between areas is the main source of the overall difference in Beijing. Therefore, the Beijing Municipal Government should focus on narrowing the differences between areas, determine the allocation and management of public health resources based on the actual situation of core areas, promote coordinated development within and outside areas, and thus enhance the supply level of professional public health resources.
本研究旨在探讨北京市专业公共卫生资源供给水平的发展现状，分析 16 个区的供给水平的地域差异和空间分布特征，为促进北京市各区域专业公共卫生资源供给水平的均衡发展提供科学依据。
基于《北京市卫生事业统计年鉴》和《北京市卫生和计划生育事业发展统计公报》2014-2022 年的面板数据。采用熵值法测算北京市专业公共卫生资源供给水平，运用 Dagum 基尼系数和核密度估计法分析供给水平的空间分异特征和动态演变过程，利用热力图展示北京市各区域供给水平的空间分布。
北京市专业公共卫生资源供给水平的 Dagum 基尼系数从 2014 年的 0.3419 连续下降至 2020 年的 0.29736，而后逐渐上升，整体呈现先降后升的趋势，表现出区域间差异为主导的空间差异特征。核密度曲线表明北京市专业公共卫生资源供给水平逐渐上升，2021 年后略有下降，未形成两级或多级分化的局面。
2014-2022 年，北京市专业公共卫生资源供给水平呈整体上升态势，但 2021 年后需关注供给水平的下降趋势；空间差异先降后升，区域间差异是造成北京市整体差异的主要来源。因此，北京市政府应注重缩小区域间差异，根据核心区域实际情况确定公共卫生资源的配置和管理，促进区域内和区域间的协调发展，从而提高专业公共卫生资源的供给水平。
