Department of Physical Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Faculty of Sports and Exercise Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
BMC Psychol. 2024 Sep 17;12(1):490. doi: 10.1186/s40359-024-01989-y.
The present research investigated the association between a series of motivational factors and burnout syndrome among elite skiers at the contextual level within the Hierarchical Model of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation (HMIEM). There are 352 subjects (258 males, 94 females, aged 18 to 25 years) across five skiing events from three sport universities in this study. Four psychological scales related to motivational factors and burnout syndrome were completed by subjects. Overall, the result showed that a task-involving climate had a positive relationship with basic psychological needs, eliciting a positive pathway to autonomous motivation, and thus negatively affecting burnout syndromes. On the other hand, an ego-involving climate had a negative relationship with basic psychological needs, eliciting a negative pathway to amotivation, and then positively affecting burnout syndromes. The results underscore the intricate associations between a variety of motivational factors and athletes' burnout syndrome, supporting the need to incorporate burnout syndrome elements into the outcomes of HMIEM sequence.
本研究在内在激励和外在激励层级模型（HMIEM）的情境层面上，调查了一系列动机因素与精英滑雪运动员的倦怠综合征之间的关系。研究对象来自三所体育大学的五个滑雪项目，共 352 人（男性 258 人，女性 94 人，年龄 18 至 25 岁）。研究对象完成了与动机因素和倦怠综合征相关的四个心理量表。总的来说，结果表明任务卷入型氛围与基本心理需求呈正相关，激发了自主动机的积极途径，从而对倦怠综合征产生负面影响。另一方面，自我卷入型氛围与基本心理需求呈负相关，激发了去动机的消极途径，从而对倦怠综合征产生积极影响。研究结果强调了各种动机因素与运动员倦怠综合征之间的复杂关系，支持了将倦怠综合征因素纳入 HMIEM 序列结果的必要性。
