Zhu Z, Wang H L, Zhang Y
National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases(NITFID)/NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Disease/WHO WPRO Regional Reference Measles and Rubella Laboratory/National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2024 Sep 6;58(9):1318-1323. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240306-00191.
To analyze the results of serum IgM antibody and viral nucleic acid testing in measles and rubella cases in China from 2014 to 2023. Surveillance data on measles and rubella during 2014-2023 were obtained from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System, and cases that underwent measles/rubella IgM antibody testing and viral nucleic acid testing were included in the study. Information on the number of cases, vaccination status, and laboratory test results was collected, and laboratory test results were compared among cases with different times of rash or onset and different doses of vaccination. From 2014 to 2023, the total number of measles and rubella surveillance cases was 581 746, and the number of measles and rubella cases that underwent both IgM antibody and viral nucleic acid testing was 39 124 and 21 766, respectively, with a double-positive rate of IgM antibody and viral nucleic acid testing of 63.73% (for measles) and 41.68% (for rubella). The single-positive rate for IgM antibody was 21.12% (for measles) and 27.15% (for rubella). The single-positive rate for viral nucleic acid tests was 13.84% (for measles) and 28.19% (for rubella). According to different days of rash or onset (0-3, 4-5, 6-10 and >10), samples of 24 629 (62.95%) measles cases and 15 785 (72.52%) rubella cases were from within 3 days of rash or onset, and the single positive rate of viral nucleic acid detection was 16.90% (for measles) and 32.07% (for rubella). The single positive rate of IgM antibody increased gradually with the time of onset (measles: =314.098, <0.001, rubella: =763.846, <0.001), and reached 31.66% (for measles) and 53.12% (for rubella) after 10 days of rash or onset. Depending on the number of vaccination doses (1, 2,≥3), the single positive rate of viral nucleic acid detection ranged from 12.93% to 20.29% (for measles) and from 25.30% to 27.88% (for rubella). The single positive rate of IgM antibody detection ranged from 36.89% to 47.47% (for measles) and from 22.81 to 41.15% (for rubella). Combined testing of serum IgM antibody and viral nucleic acids could facilitate laboratory confirmation of measles and rubella cases and was also important for measles and rubella elimination efforts.
分析2014年至2023年中国麻疹和风疹病例的血清IgM抗体及病毒核酸检测结果。2014 - 2023年麻疹和风疹的监测数据来自中国疾病预防控制信息系统，纳入了进行麻疹/风疹IgM抗体检测及病毒核酸检测的病例。收集病例数、疫苗接种情况及实验室检测结果等信息，并比较不同出疹或发病时间以及不同疫苗接种剂量的病例的实验室检测结果。2014年至2023年，麻疹和风疹监测病例总数为581746例，同时进行IgM抗体和病毒核酸检测的麻疹病例数为39124例，风疹病例数为21766例，IgM抗体与病毒核酸检测双阳性率分别为63.73%（麻疹）和41.68%（风疹）。IgM抗体单阳性率分别为21.12%（麻疹）和27.15%（风疹）。病毒核酸检测单阳性率分别为13.84%（麻疹）和28.19%（风疹）。根据出疹或发病不同天数（0 - 3天、4 - 5天、6 - 10天及>10天），24629例（62.95%）麻疹病例和15785例（72.52%）风疹病例的样本采自出疹或发病3天内，病毒核酸检测单阳性率分别为16.90%（麻疹）和32.07%（风疹）。IgM抗体单阳性率随发病时间逐渐升高（麻疹：=314.098，<0.001；风疹：=763.846，<0.001），出疹或发病10天后分别达到31.66%（麻疹）和53.12%（风疹）。根据疫苗接种剂量（1剂、2剂、≥3剂），病毒核酸检测单阳性率在12.93%至20.29%之间（麻疹），在25.30%至27.88%之间（风疹）。IgM抗体检测单阳性率在36.89%至47.47%之间（麻疹），在22.81%至41.15%之间（风疹）。血清IgM抗体与病毒核酸联合检测有助于麻疹和风疹病例的实验室确诊，对麻疹和风疹消除工作也很重要。
