痤疮患者的教育、劳动力市场及人际关系结局

Educational, labour market and relationship outcomes in people with acne.

作者信息

Barbieri John S, Farkas Dóra K, Skipper Niels, Bhate Ketaki, Langan Sinéad M, Kibsgaard Line, Sørensen Henrik T, Schmidt Sigrun A J

机构信息

Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital and Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.

出版信息

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2025 Jun;39(6):1108-1117. doi: 10.1111/jdv.20323. Epub 2024 Sep 18.

DOI:10.1111/jdv.20323

PMID:39291920

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11913750/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Although acne is associated with scarring, mental health comorbidities and bullying, little is known about its impact on socio-economic outcomes.

OBJECTIVES

To examine the association between acne and educational, labour market and relationship outcomes.

METHODS

We conducted a nationwide registry-based cohort study in Denmark. We included birth cohorts from 1982 to 1988 and compared those with and without acne identified using hospital diagnosis codes and redeemed prescriptions. Our main educational outcome was educational attainment. The main labour market outcomes were earned income at age 30 and long-term unemployment at any time before age 30. The main relationship outcomes were single partnership and childlessness by age 30. Outcomes were assessed using Poisson regression for binary outcomes and linear regression for continuous outcomes, adjusted for sex, calendar year, mother's socio-economic position and hormonal contraception use.

RESULTS

Those with acne had a lower risk of not completing upper secondary education (relative risk (RR): 0.79; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.76-0.83) and higher education (RR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.88-0.91), with absolute differences up to 4 percentage points. Persons with acne had slightly higher income (mean percentile difference: 2.6%, 95% CI: 2.2-2.9) and lower risk of long-term unemployment than those without acne (9.8% vs. 11.4%; RR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.87-0.93). The prevalence of being single until age 30 was similar (19.7% vs. 20.1%; adjusted RR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.94-0.98) but childlessness was slightly more prevalent (60.5% vs. 57.5%; adjusted RR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.02-1.04). However, all associations were attenuated or lost in secondary analysis restricted to exposure-discordant siblings to address confounding from family-related factors.

CONCLUSIONS

Acne during adolescence does not seem to affect long-term educational, labour market or relationship outcomes. However, there is a need for additional studies to validate the findings in untreated patients and different health and social systems.

摘要

背景

尽管痤疮与瘢痕形成、心理健康合并症及欺凌行为相关，但对于其对社会经济结局的影响却知之甚少。

目的

探讨痤疮与教育、劳动力市场及人际关系结局之间的关联。

方法

我们在丹麦开展了一项基于全国登记系统的队列研究。纳入了1982年至1988年出生队列，比较了使用医院诊断编码和已兑现处方确定的有痤疮者和无痤疮者。我们的主要教育结局是受教育程度。主要劳动力市场结局是30岁时的收入及30岁之前任何时间的长期失业情况。主要人际关系结局是30岁时单身及无子女。对于二元结局使用泊松回归评估结局，对于连续结局使用线性回归评估结局，并对性别、日历年份、母亲的社会经济地位及激素避孕使用情况进行了校正。

结果

有痤疮者未完成高中教育的风险较低（相对风险（RR）：0.79；95%置信区间[CI]：0.76 - 0.83），接受高等教育的风险较高（RR：0.90；95%CI：0.88 - 0.91），绝对差异高达4个百分点。有痤疮者的收入略高（平均百分位数差异：2.6%，95%CI：2.2 - 2.9），长期失业风险低于无痤疮者（9.8%对11.4%；RR：0.90；95%CI：0.87 - 0.93）。30岁前单身的患病率相似（19.7%对20.1%；校正RR：0.96；95%CI：0.94 - 0.98），但无子女的情况略为普遍（60.5%对57.5%；校正RR：1.03；95%CI：1.02 - 1.04）。然而，在仅限于暴露不一致的兄弟姐妹的二次分析中，所有关联均减弱或消失，以解决来自家庭相关因素的混杂问题。