Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; email:
Annu Rev Vis Sci. 2024 Sep;10(1):425-453. doi: 10.1146/annurev-vision-110223-123044.
Glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible blindness, is characterized by the progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and subsequent visual field defects. RGCs, as the final output neurons of the retina, perform key computations underpinning human pattern vision, such as contrast coding. Conventionally, glaucoma has been associated with peripheral vision loss, and thus, relatively little attention has been paid to deficits in central vision. However, recent advancements in retinal imaging techniques have significantly bolstered research into glaucomatous damage of the macula, revealing that it is prevalent even in the early stages of glaucoma. Thus, it is an opportune time to explore how glaucomatous damage undermines the perceptual processes associated with central visual function. This review showcases recent studies addressing central dysfunction in the early and moderate stages of glaucoma. It further emphasizes the need to characterize glaucomatous damage in both central and peripheral vision, as they jointly affect an individual's everyday activities.
青光眼是一种不可逆失明的主要原因，其特征是视网膜神经节细胞（RGCs）的进行性丧失和随后的视野缺陷。RGCs 作为视网膜的最终输出神经元，在人类模式视觉的关键计算中发挥作用，例如对比度编码。传统上，青光眼与周边视力丧失有关，因此，对中心视力缺陷的关注相对较少。然而，视网膜成像技术的最新进展极大地推动了对黄斑部青光眼损害的研究，揭示即使在青光眼的早期阶段，它也很普遍。因此，现在正是探索青光眼损害如何破坏与中央视觉功能相关的感知过程的好时机。这篇综述展示了最近关于青光眼早期和中期中央功能障碍的研究。它进一步强调了需要在中央和周边视觉中描述青光眼损害，因为它们共同影响个体的日常活动。
