School of Nursing and Midwifery, Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Sep 18;24(1):2543. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-20030-w.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Young adults are susceptible to CVD risk factors, especially in developing countries. This study aimed to compare CVD risk factors between medical and non-medical students.
The present cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 302 students in Tehran, including 151 medical students and 151 non-medical students, in 2022. Data collection tools included four online questionnaires to collect demographic information, knowledge/attitudes, knowledge of risk factors, and risk factors. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18 software at a 0.05 significance level.
Data analysis revealed that the mean age of medical and non-medical students was 22.06 ± 3.53 and 21.88 ± 4.20 years, respectively. The two groups were not significantly different in gender, age, marital status, and place of residence. Knowledge of CVD was significantly different between the two groups of students (P < 0.001), but attitudes were not significantly different (P = 0.208). A significant difference in the prognosis of diabetes and dyslipidemia was observed between the two groups (P < 0.001).
As a large group of young adults in society, students are at risk for CVD. Poor knowledge and inappropriate attitudes regarding CVD risk factors are among the contributing factors. Therefore, it is recommended to design and implement a healthy diet, physical activity, stress management, and healthy lifestyle programs for the young group along with screening programs to prevent complications and mortality caused by CVD.
心血管疾病（CVD）是全球范围内导致死亡和残疾的主要原因，尤其是在中低收入国家。年轻人易患 CVD 风险因素，尤其是在发展中国家。本研究旨在比较医学生和非医学生的 CVD 风险因素。
本横断面研究于 2022 年在德黑兰对 302 名学生进行，包括 151 名医学生和 151 名非医学生。数据收集工具包括四个在线问卷，用于收集人口统计学信息、知识/态度、危险因素知识和危险因素。使用 SPSS 版本 18 软件在 0.05 显著性水平下分析数据。
数据分析显示，医学生和非医学生的平均年龄分别为 22.06±3.53 岁和 21.88±4.20 岁。两组在性别、年龄、婚姻状况和居住地方面无显著差异。两组学生的 CVD 知识有显著差异（P<0.001），但态度无显著差异（P=0.208）。两组学生在糖尿病和血脂异常的预后方面存在显著差异（P<0.001）。
作为社会中的一大群年轻人，学生面临 CVD 风险。CVD 危险因素的知识匮乏和不恰当的态度是导致这一问题的原因之一。因此，建议为年轻人群设计和实施健康饮食、身体活动、压力管理和健康生活方式计划，并进行筛查计划，以预防 CVD 引起的并发症和死亡率。
