Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle, LCA, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, Toulouse, France; DelleD/La Fleur, 10 rue Olivier de Serres, 49070 Beaucouze, France.
Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle, LCA, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, Toulouse, France.
J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2024 Oct 15;1247:124316. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2024.124316. Epub 2024 Sep 13.
Cannabis terpenes and terpenoids are among the major classes of pharmacologically active secondary metabolites of therapeutic interest. Indeed, these hydrocarbon molecules, responsible for the characteristic aroma of cannabis flowers, are thought to be involved in a synergistic effect known as the "entourage effect", together with cannabinoids. Numerous analytical studies have been carried out to characterize the terpene and terpenoid contents of some cannabis varieties, but they have not proposed any real quantification or have described a limited number of analytical standards or average response factors, which may have led to over- or underestimation of the real content of the cannabis flowers. Real and reliable quantification is necessary to justify the entourage effect. Here, we report a rigorous and precise GC-FID and GC-MS method for the identification and quantification of cannabis terpenes and terpenoids. This method is distinguished by the use of a high number of analytical standards, the determination of retention indices for all compounds studied, an exhaustive comparison of databases and scientific literature, the use of relevant response factors, and internal calibration for reliable results. It was applied to the study of terpenic compounds in five commercial varieties of medicinal cannabis produced by Bedrocan International: a CBD-rich (Bedrolite®), a THC/CBD balanced (Bediol®), and three THC-dominant (Bedrocan®, Bedica® and Bedrobinol®). Two extraction solvents are described (ethanol and hexane) to compare their selectivity towards target molecules, and to describe as exhaustively as possible the terpenic profile of the five pharmaceutical-grade varieties. Twenty-three standards were used for accurate dosages. This work highlights that the choice of solvent and the analysis method reliability are critical for the study of these terpenic compounds, regarding their contribution to the entourage effect.
大麻萜烯和萜类化合物是具有治疗作用的药理学上活跃的次生代谢物的主要类别之一。事实上，这些负责大麻花特有香气的烃类分子被认为与大麻素一起参与了协同作用，称为“伴随效应”。已经进行了许多分析研究来描述一些大麻品种的萜烯和萜类化合物的含量，但它们没有提出任何真正的定量方法，也没有描述有限数量的分析标准或平均响应因子，这可能导致对大麻花实际含量的过高或过低估计。真实和可靠的定量是证明伴随效应的必要条件。在这里，我们报告了一种严格而精确的 GC-FID 和 GC-MS 方法，用于鉴定和定量大麻萜烯和萜类化合物。该方法的特点是使用大量分析标准品，为所有研究化合物确定保留指数，对数据库和科学文献进行详尽比较，使用相关的响应因子，并进行内部校准以获得可靠的结果。该方法应用于 Bedrocan International 生产的五种商业药用大麻品种的萜烯化合物的研究：一种富含 CBD（Bedrolite®）、一种 THC/CBD 平衡（Bediol®）和三种 THC 占主导地位（Bedrocan®、Bedica®和 Bedrobinol®）。描述了两种提取溶剂（乙醇和正己烷），以比较它们对目标分子的选择性，并尽可能详细地描述这五种药用级品种的萜烯特征。使用了 23 种标准品进行准确的剂量测定。这项工作强调了溶剂的选择和分析方法的可靠性对于这些萜烯化合物的研究至关重要，因为它们对伴随效应的贡献。
