Qiu Danping, Luo Baozhang, Cai Hua, Yang Jingjin, Qin Luxin, Song Xia, Xu Biyao, Zhang Nan, Liu Hong
Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2024 Sep;53(5):797-804. doi: 10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2024.05.017.
To understand the contents of aflatoxins(AFs) in foods sold in Shanghai, and to assess the exposure assessment of and its potential health risk among residents over 15 years old in Shanghai.
A total of 8114 samples from 8 categories of food were collected in Shanghai from 2018 to 2023. The samples were detected by GB 5009.24-2016 and GB 5009.22-2016. Combined with the food consumption data of "Shanghai Diet and Health Survey", the dietary exposure assessment of aflatoxin was conducted using the margin of exposure(MOE) and the risk of liver cancer.
The detection rates of aflatoxin B_1(AFB_1), aflatoxin B_2(AFB_2), aflatoxin G_1(AFG_1), aflatoxin G_2(AFG_2), and aflatoxin M_(1 )(AFM_1) were 8.6%, 2.0%, 0.9%, 0.2% and 0.2%, respectively. The point assessment showed that the total exposure of AFB_1 in the diet of residents aged 15 and above in Shanghai was 0.783 ng/(kg·BW·d), with the contribution rates of dietary exposure to grains and their products, nuts and their products, and vegetable oils accounting for 60.6%, 25.0% and 8.5% of AFB_1's dietary exposure, respectively. The total exposure of total aflatoxins(the sum of AFB_1, AFB_2, AFG_1 and AFG_2)(AFT) was 7.363 ng/(kg·BW·d), and the dietary exposure of grains and their products, vegetable oils, nuts and their products contribute 77.1%, 8.4% and 7.2% to the dietary exposure of AFT, respectively. The probability assessment result indicated that the average dietary exposure of residents to AFB_1 and AFT were 0.734 and 7.220 ng/(kg·BW·d), respectively, and the P95 exposure of residents were 1.170 and 11.500 ng/(kg·BW·d). The AFB_1 exposure level of residents in suburban areas was higher than that in central urban areas and exurban areas(χ2= 16.357, P<0.001), the AFT exposure of residents in the central urban area was lower than that in the exurban areas and suburban areas(χ2= 40.996, P<0.001). According to the MOE method, the MOE values of AFB_1 and AFT average dietary exposure for residents aged 15 and above in Shanghai were 511 and 54. The risk of liver cancer caused by dietary exposure of AFB_1 and AFT among residents aged 15 and above in Shanghai were 0.024 cases/105 people and 0.227 cases/105 people.
There is AFs contamination in food sold in Shanghai, and grains and their products, nuts and their products, and vegetable oils are the main sources of AFs exposure in the diet of residents aged 15 and above in Shanghai.
了解上海市售食品中黄曲霉毒素（AFs）的含量，评估上海市15岁以上居民的暴露评估及其潜在健康风险。
2018年至2023年在上海共采集8类食品的8114份样品。按照GB 5009.24 - 2016和GB 5009.22 - 2016进行检测。结合“上海饮食与健康调查”的食物消费数据，采用暴露边际（MOE）和肝癌风险对黄曲霉毒素进行膳食暴露评估。
黄曲霉毒素B_1（AFB_1）、黄曲霉毒素B_2（AFB_2）、黄曲霉毒素G_1（AFG_1）、黄曲霉毒素G_2（AFG_2）和黄曲霉毒素M_1（AFM_1）的检出率分别为8.6%、2.0%、0.9%、0.2%和0.2%。点评估显示，上海市15岁及以上居民膳食中AFB_1的总暴露量为0.783 ng/（kg·体重·天），膳食中谷物及其制品、坚果及其制品、植物油对AFB_1膳食暴露的贡献率分别为60.6%、25.0%和8.5%。总黄曲霉毒素（AFB_1、AFB_2、AFG_1和AFG_2之和）（AFT）的总暴露量为7.363 ng/（kg·体重·天），谷物及其制品、植物油、坚果及其制品对AFT膳食暴露的贡献率分别为77.1%、8.4%和7.2%。概率评估结果表明，居民对AFB_1和AFT的平均膳食暴露量分别为0.734和7.220 ng/（kg·体重·天），居民的P95暴露量分别为1.170和11.500 ng/（kg·体重·天）。郊区居民的AFB_1暴露水平高于中心城区和远郊区（χ² = 16.357，P < 0.001），中心城区居民的AFT暴露低于远郊区和郊区（χ² = 40.996，P < 0.001）。按照MOE法，上海市15岁及以上居民AFB_1和AFT平均膳食暴露的MOE值分别为511和54。上海市15岁及以上居民膳食暴露AFB_1和AFT所致肝癌风险分别为0.024例/10⁵人及0.227例/10⁵人。
上海市售食品存在AFs污染，谷物及其制品、坚果及其制品、植物油是上海市15岁及以上居民膳食中AFs暴露的主要来源。
