Høiland Kristoffer, Arnevik Espen Kristian Ajo, Egeland Jens
Vestfold Hospital Trust, Norway.
Section for Clinical Addiction Research, Oslo University Hospital, Norway.
Nordisk Alkohol Nark. 2024 Aug;41(4):426-438. doi: 10.1177/14550725231219972. Epub 2024 Jan 9.
In this study, we investigated if health professionals' evaluations of driving ability corresponded with measures of severity of alcohol use and measures of cognitive functions necessary for safely driving a car. A total of 90 participants from a multicentre study were included. Participants were categorised into three groups: (1) the group judged fit to drive (FIT); (2) the group judged not fit to drive (UNFIT); and (3) the group who had lost their driver's licence due to legal sanctions (LEGAL). The participants' AUDIT scores, earlier treatment episodes and results from neuropsychological tests of reaction time, attention and visuospatial ability were included in the analyses. We found a significant difference in the severity of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and visuospatial abilities between the FIT and UNFIT groups. Half of the UNFIT group had at least mild visuospatial difficulties, compared to only a quarter in the FIT group. There were no group differences in reaction time or attentional measures. The LEGAL group had more severe AUD than the other groups. The FIT group did not perform differently from the UNFIT group on attention and reaction time measures. The UNFIT group had more visuospatial impairments, but even half of this group had normal scores. It is uncertain whether the differences between the two groups are of practical significance. The quality of health professionals' evaluations may be questioned, and the results highlight the need for more reliable and valid criteria for doing fitness to drive evaluations.
在本研究中，我们调查了健康专业人员对驾驶能力的评估是否与酒精使用严重程度的测量结果以及安全驾驶汽车所需的认知功能测量结果相符。来自一项多中心研究的90名参与者被纳入研究。参与者被分为三组：（1）被判定适合驾驶的组（FIT）；（2）被判定不适合驾驶的组（UNFIT）；以及（3）因法律制裁而失去驾驶执照的组（LEGAL）。分析中纳入了参与者的酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT）分数、早期治疗情况以及反应时间、注意力和视觉空间能力的神经心理学测试结果。我们发现，FIT组和UNFIT组在酒精使用障碍（AUD）的严重程度和视觉空间能力方面存在显著差异。UNFIT组中有一半至少存在轻度视觉空间困难，而FIT组中只有四分之一。在反应时间或注意力测量方面没有组间差异。LEGAL组的AUD比其他组更严重。FIT组在注意力和反应时间测量方面与UNFIT组表现无差异。UNFIT组有更多的视觉空间损伤，但即使是该组的一半人得分也正常。两组之间的差异是否具有实际意义尚不确定。健康专业人员评估的质量可能受到质疑，研究结果凸显了需要更可靠和有效的标准来进行驾驶适宜性评估。
