Higher Institution Center of Excellence, Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia.
SEC "Applied Biotechnologies", Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo Street 14, Kaliningrad, 236016, Russia.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Nov;280(Pt 2):135823. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135823. Epub 2024 Sep 21.
The secondary metabolites that marine sponges create are essential to the advancement of contemporary medicine and are often employed in clinical settings. Over the past five years, microbes associated with sponges have yielded the identification of 140 novel chemicals. Statistics show that most are derived from actinomycetes (bacteria) and ascomycotes (fungi). The aim of this study was to investigate the biological activity of metabolites from marine sponges. Chlocarbazomycins A-D, which are a group of novel chlorinated carbazole alkaloids isolated from the sponge Neopetrosia fennelliae KUFA 0811, exhibit antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and enzyme inhibitory activities. Recently, marine sponges of the genus Neopetrosia have attracted attention due to the unique chemical composition of the compounds they produce, including alkaloids of potential importance in drug discovery. Fridamycin H and fridamycin I are two novel type II polyketides synthesized by sponge-associated bacteria exhibit antitrypanosomal activity. Fintiamin, composed of amino acids and terpenoid moieties, shows affinity for the cannabinoid receptor CB 1. It was found that out of 27 species of Neopetrosia sponges, the chemical composition of only 9 species has been studied. These species mainly produce bioactive substances such as alkaloids, quinones, sterols, and terpenoids. The presence of motuporamines is a marker of the species Neopetrosia exigua. Terpenoids are specific markers of Neopetrosia vanilla species. Although recently discovered, secondary metabolites from marine sponges have been shown to have diverse biological activities, antimicrobial, antiviral, antibacterial, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antimalarial, and anticancer properties, providing many lead compounds for drug development. The data presented in this review on known and future natural products derived from sponges will further clarify the role and importance of microbes in marine sponges and trace the prospects of their applications, especially in medicine, cosmeceuticals, environmental protection, and manufacturing industries.
海洋海绵产生的次生代谢产物对当代医学的发展至关重要，并且经常在临床环境中使用。在过去的五年中，与海绵相关的微生物已经鉴定出 140 种新型化学物质。统计数据表明，大多数来自放线菌（细菌）和子囊菌（真菌）。本研究旨在研究海洋海绵代谢产物的生物活性。从海绵 Neopetrosia fennelliae KUFA 0811 中分离出的一组新型氯化咔唑生物碱 Chlocarbazomycins A-D 具有抗菌、细胞毒性和酶抑制活性。最近，由于产生的化合物具有独特的化学成分，Neopetrosia 属的海洋海绵引起了人们的关注，其中包括在药物发现中具有潜在重要性的生物碱。由海绵相关细菌合成的 Fridamycin H 和 Fridamycin I 是两种新型的 II 型聚酮化合物，具有抗锥虫活性。Fintiamin 由氨基酸和萜烯部分组成，对大麻素受体 CB1 具有亲和力。研究发现，在 27 种 Neopetrosia 海绵中，只有 9 种的化学成分得到了研究。这些物种主要产生生物活性物质，如生物碱、醌类、甾体和萜类化合物。Motuporamines 的存在是 Neopetrosia exigua 物种的标志。萜类化合物是 Neopetrosia vanilla 物种的特异性标志物。尽管最近才发现，但海洋海绵中的次生代谢产物具有多种生物活性，如抗菌、抗病毒、抗细菌、抗氧化、抗疟疾和抗癌特性，为药物开发提供了许多先导化合物。本综述中关于已知和未来天然产物的信息将进一步阐明微生物在海洋海绵中的作用和重要性，并追踪其应用前景，特别是在医学、化妆品、环境保护和制造业。
