Dai Rongchen, Jin Cuixiang, Xiao Meng
Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Sep 9;15:1403443. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1403443. eCollection 2024.
The urban environmental effects can have multifaceted impacts on the orchard soil microbial community structure and function. To specifically study these effects, we investigated the soil bacterial and fungal community in the laxly managed citrus orchards using amplicon sequencing. Ascomycota demonstrated significant dominance within the citrus orchard soils. The increased presence of beneficial spp. (0.3%) could help suppress plant pathogens, while the elevated abundance of potential pathogenic fungi, such as spp. (0.4%), might raise the likelihood of disorders like root rot, thereby hindering plant growth and resulting in reduced yield. Moreover, we observed significant differences in the alpha and beta diversity of bacterial communities between urban and rural soils ( < 0.001). Environmental surveys and functional prediction of bacterial communities suggested that urban transportation factors and rural waste pollution were likely contributing to these disparities. When comparing bacterial species in urban and rural soils, spp. exhibited notable increases in urban areas. spp. possess heavy metal tolerance attributed to the presence of chromium reductase and nitroreductase enzymes involved in the chromium (VI) reduction pathway. Our findings have shed light on the intricate interplay of urban environmental effects and root systems, both of which exert influence on the soil microbiota. Apart from the removal of specific pollutants, the application of spp. to alleviate traffic pollution, and the use of spp. for plant pathogen suppression were considered viable solutions. The knowledge acquired from this study can be employed to optimize agricultural practices, augment citrus productivity, and foster sustainable agriculture.
城市环境效应会对果园土壤微生物群落结构和功能产生多方面的影响。为了具体研究这些影响，我们使用扩增子测序技术调查了管理粗放的柑橘园土壤中的细菌和真菌群落。子囊菌门在柑橘园土壤中表现出显著的优势地位。有益菌（0.3%）数量的增加有助于抑制植物病原体，而潜在致病真菌（如0.4%）丰度的升高可能会增加根腐病等病害的发生几率，从而阻碍植物生长并导致产量降低。此外，我们观察到城市和农村土壤中细菌群落的α多样性和β多样性存在显著差异（<0.001）。细菌群落的环境调查和功能预测表明，城市交通因素和农村废物污染可能是造成这些差异的原因。比较城市和农村土壤中的细菌种类时，某菌在城市地区显著增加。某菌具有重金属耐受性，这归因于参与六价铬还原途径的铬还原酶和硝基还原酶的存在。我们的研究结果揭示了城市环境效应与根系之间复杂的相互作用，二者都会对土壤微生物群产生影响。除了去除特定污染物外，应用某菌减轻交通污染以及使用某菌抑制植物病原体被认为是可行的解决方案。从这项研究中获得的知识可用于优化农业实践、提高柑橘产量并促进可持续农业发展。
