Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, 226028, India.
Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, 226028, India; Research Cell, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, 226028, India.
Microb Pathog. 2024 Jul;192:106674. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106674. Epub 2024 May 5.
Acinetobacter baumannii is observed as a common species of Gram-negative bacteria that exist in soil and water. Despite being accepted as a typical component of human skin flora, it has become an important opportunistic pathogen, especially in healthcare settings. The pathogenicity of A. baumannii is attributed to its virulence factors, which include adhesins, pili, lipopolysaccharides, outer membrane proteins, iron uptake systems, autotransporter, secretion systems, phospholipases etc. These elements provide the bacterium the ability to cling to and penetrate host cells, get past the host immune system, and destroy tissue. Its infection is a major contributor to human pathophysiological conditions including pneumonia, bloodstream infections, urinary tract infections, and surgical site infections. It is challenging to treat infections brought on by this pathogen since this bacterium has evolved to withstand numerous drugs and further emergence of drug-resistant A. baumannii results in higher rates of morbidity and mortality. The long-term survival of this bacterium on surfaces of medical supplies and hospital furniture facilitates its frequent spread in humans from one habitat to another. There is a need for urgent investigations to find effective drug targets for A. baumannii as well as designing novel drugs to reduce the survival and spread of infection. In the current review, we represent the specific features, pathogenesis, and molecular intricacies of crucial drug targets of A. baumannii. This would also assist in proposing strategies and alternative therapies for the prevention and treatment of A. baumannii infections and their spread.
鲍曼不动杆菌是一种常见的革兰氏阴性细菌，存在于土壤和水中。尽管它被认为是人类皮肤菌群的典型组成部分，但它已成为一种重要的机会性病原体，特别是在医疗保健环境中。鲍曼不动杆菌的致病性归因于其毒力因子，包括黏附素、菌毛、脂多糖、外膜蛋白、铁摄取系统、自转运蛋白、分泌系统、磷脂酶等。这些元素使细菌能够黏附和穿透宿主细胞，逃避宿主免疫系统，并破坏组织。它的感染是导致人类病理生理状况的主要原因之一，包括肺炎、血流感染、尿路感染和手术部位感染。由于这种细菌已经进化到能够耐受多种药物，并且耐药性鲍曼不动杆菌的进一步出现导致发病率和死亡率更高，因此治疗由这种病原体引起的感染具有挑战性。这种细菌在医疗用品和医院家具表面长期存活，使其在人与人之间频繁传播。迫切需要进行调查，以找到针对鲍曼不动杆菌的有效药物靶点，并设计新型药物来减少感染的存活和传播。在当前的综述中，我们介绍了鲍曼不动杆菌的特定特征、发病机制和关键药物靶点的分子复杂性。这也将有助于提出预防和治疗鲍曼不动杆菌感染及其传播的策略和替代疗法。
