China Construction First Group Construction & Development Co. LTD, Beijing 100102, China.
National Engineering Laboratory of Deep Treatment and Resource Utilization Technology of Municipal Wastewater, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
Bioresour Technol. 2024 Dec;413:131518. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131518. Epub 2024 Sep 23.
The use of immobilized microbial technology in wastewater treatment has drawn extensive attention due to its advantages of high colony density, rapid reaction speed, and good stability. Immobilization carriers are the core of immobilization technology. This review summarizes the types of immobilization carriers and their advantages and disadvantages, focusing on the potential for utilizing novel immobilization carriers (composite carriers, nanomaterials, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and biochar materials) in wastewater applications. The basic principles and technical advantages and disadvantages of novel immobilization methods (layer-by-layer self-assembly (LBL) and electrostatic spinning) are then summarized. Additionally, the research progress and application characteristics of immobilized anaerobic ammonia oxidizing (Anammox) and aerobic denitrifying (AD) bacteria for enhanced wastewater nitrogen removal are discussed. Finally, the current challenges of immobilized microbial technology are discussed, and its future development trends are summarized and prospected. This review provides guidance and theoretical support for the practical engineering application of immobilized microbial technology.
固定化微生物技术在废水处理中的应用因其高菌密度、快速反应速度和良好稳定性而受到广泛关注。固定化载体是固定化技术的核心。本文综述了固定化载体的类型及其优缺点，重点探讨了新型固定化载体（复合载体、纳米材料、金属有机骨架（MOFs）和生物炭材料）在废水应用中的潜力。然后总结了新型固定化方法（层层自组装（LBL）和静电纺丝）的基本原理、技术优势和缺点。此外，还讨论了固定化厌氧氨氧化（Anammox）和好氧反硝化（AD）细菌在强化废水脱氮方面的研究进展和应用特点。最后，讨论了固定化微生物技术目前面临的挑战，并对其未来的发展趋势进行了总结和展望。本文为固定化微生物技术的实际工程应用提供了指导和理论支持。
