Al-Matary Abdulrahman, Abozaid Sameh, Al Suliman Mustafa, Alsubaie Mohammed, Aldandan Faisal K, Alzehairi Faisal Mohammed, Alyahyawi Huda Yahya, Alsharief Abrar Nayel, Alahmadi Ghadeer Ghazi, Althubaiti Faris, Alyahyawi Naseem, Mazi Ahlam, Abu-Zaid Ahmed, Alnajashi Hind, Alyoubi Reem Abdullah
Department of Neonatology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 11525, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Neonatology, Maternity and Children Hospital, Madinah 42313, Saudi Arabia.
Children (Basel). 2024 Sep 18;11(9):1129. doi: 10.3390/children11091129.
: The existing literature lacks conclusive evidence regarding the relationship between bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and cerebral palsy (CP). This large epidemiological study aimed to explore the co-occurrence of BPD and CP among children. : This retrospective cohort analysis utilized the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) dataset from 2016 to 2019, investigating pediatric patients with BPD and CP diagnoses. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including univariate and multivariate regression analyses, were conducted to explore the association between BPD and CP. : Overall, 3,951,039 patients were analyzed. Among them, 28,880 patients had CP (n = 796 with BPD and n = 28,084 without BPD). The rates of intraventricular hemorrhage grade 3 and 4, central nervous system anomalies, chromosomal disorders, retinopathy of prematurity (≥grade 3), periventricular leukomalacia, prematurity, and low birth weight were significantly higher in the CP-with-BPD arm contrasted to the CP-without-BPD arm. Univariate regression demonstrated a significant BPD-CP association (odds ratio [OR] = 7.78, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.24-8.37, < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis, adjusting for various confounders, reinforced this association (OR = 5.70, 95% CI: 5.17-6.28, < 0.0001). We observed a significant association between increasing prematurity in neonates with BPD and an elevated risk of CP. : This nationwide study identified a strong correlation between the co-occurrence of BPD and CP, though it does not establish causality. Rigorous adjustments revealed that patients with BPD appear to have a six-fold increased likelihood of being diagnosed with CP later on, compared to those without BPD. While aligned with the existing literature, this study represents the largest sample size with recommendations for targeted preventive strategies to mitigate the burden of CP.
现有文献缺乏关于支气管肺发育不良（BPD）与脑瘫（CP）之间关系的确凿证据。这项大型流行病学研究旨在探讨儿童中BPD和CP的共现情况。 ：这项回顾性队列分析利用了2016年至2019年的全国住院患者样本（NIS）数据集，调查了诊断为BPD和CP的儿科患者。进行了描述性和推断性统计，包括单变量和多变量回归分析，以探讨BPD和CP之间的关联。 ：总体而言，共分析了3951039例患者。其中，28880例患者患有CP（796例合并BPD，28084例未合并BPD）。与未合并BPD的CP组相比，合并BPD的CP组中3级和4级脑室内出血、中枢神经系统异常、染色体疾病、早产儿视网膜病变（≥3级）、脑室周围白质软化、早产和低出生体重的发生率显著更高。单变量回归显示BPD与CP之间存在显著关联（比值比[OR]=7.78，95%置信区间[CI]：7.24-8.37，<0.0001）。多变量分析在调整了各种混杂因素后，强化了这种关联（OR=5.70，95%CI：5.17-6.28，<0.0001）。我们观察到BPD新生儿早产程度增加与CP风险升高之间存在显著关联。 ：这项全国性研究确定了BPD和CP共现之间存在强相关性，尽管未确立因果关系。严格的调整显示，与未患BPD的患者相比，患BPD的患者日后被诊断为CP的可能性似乎增加了六倍。虽然与现有文献一致，但本研究代表了最大的样本量，并提出了针对性预防策略的建议，以减轻CP的负担。
