Yuan Yuming, Xiang Xiaoyan, Jiang Xuejun, Liu Yingju, Zhang Ming, Lu Luyang, Zhang Xinping, Liu Xinyi, Tan Qunyou, Zhang Jingqing
College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
Department of Thoracic Surgery, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, China.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Sep 12;13(9):1104. doi: 10.3390/antiox13091104.
The seeds of ginkgo biloba L (GB) have been widely used worldwide. This study investigated the bioefficacies of whole GB seed powder (WGP) retaining the full nutrients of ginkgo against aging, atherosclerosis, and fatigue. The experimental results indicated that WGP lowered brain monoamine oxidase and serum malondialdehyde levels, enhanced thymus/spleen indexes, and improved learning ability, and delayed aging in senescent mice. WGP regulated lipid levels and prevented atherosclerosis by reducing triglycerides, lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and decreasing the atherosclerosis index. WGP improved exercise performance by reducing blood lactate accumulation and extending exhaustive swimming and climbing times, improved energy storage by increasing muscle/liver glycogen levels, and relieved physical fatigue. Network pharmacology analysis revealed 270 potential targets of WGP that play roles in cellular pathways related to inflammation inhibition, metabolism regulation, and anti-cellular senescence, etc. Protein-protein interaction analysis identified 10 hub genes, including FOS, ESR1, MAPK8, and SP1 targets. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations showed that the bioactive compounds of WGP bound well to the targets. This study suggests that WGP exerts prominent health-promoting effects through multiple components, targets, and pathways.
银杏（GB）种子在全球范围内已被广泛使用。本研究调查了保留银杏全部营养成分的银杏全籽粉（WGP）在抗老化、抗动脉粥样硬化和抗疲劳方面的生物功效。实验结果表明，WGP降低了衰老小鼠大脑中的单胺氧化酶水平和血清丙二醛水平，提高了胸腺/脾脏指数，改善了学习能力，并延缓了衰老。WGP通过降低甘油三酯、降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、增加高密度脂蛋白胆固醇以及降低动脉粥样硬化指数来调节血脂水平并预防动脉粥样硬化。WGP通过减少血乳酸积累、延长力竭游泳和攀爬时间来提高运动能力，通过增加肌肉/肝脏糖原水平来改善能量储备，并缓解身体疲劳。网络药理学分析揭示了WGP的270个潜在靶点，这些靶点在与炎症抑制、代谢调节和抗细胞衰老等相关的细胞途径中发挥作用。蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用分析确定了10个枢纽基因，包括FOS、ESR1、MAPK8和SP1靶点。分子对接和分子动力学模拟表明，WGP的生物活性化合物与靶点结合良好。本研究表明，WGP通过多种成分、靶点和途径发挥显著的促进健康作用。
