目前用于研究人类皮肤衰老并探索预防和修复方法的 3D 模型:描述性综述。
3D Models Currently Proposed to Investigate Human Skin Aging and Explore Preventive and Reparative Approaches: A Descriptive Review.
机构信息
Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
出版信息
Biomolecules. 2024 Aug 26;14(9):1066. doi: 10.3390/biom14091066.
Skin aging is influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors that progressively impair skin functionality over time. Investigating the skin aging process requires thorough research using innovative technologies. This review explores the use of in vitro human 3D culture models, serving as valuable alternatives to animal ones, in skin aging research. The aim is to highlight the benefits and necessity of improving the methodology in analyzing the molecular mechanisms underlying human skin aging. Traditional 2D models, including monolayers of keratinocytes, fibroblasts, or melanocytes, even if providing cost-effective and straightforward methods to study critical processes such as extracellular matrix degradation, pigmentation, and the effects of secretome on skin cells, fail to replicate the complex tissue architecture with its intricated interactions. Advanced 3D models (organoid cultures, "skin-on-chip" technologies, reconstructed human skin, and 3D bioprinting) considerably enhance the physiological relevance, enabling a more accurate representation of skin aging and its peculiar features. By reporting the advantages and limitations of 3D models, this review highlights the importance of using advanced in vitro systems to develop practical anti-aging preventive and reparative approaches and improve human translational research in this field. Further exploration of these technologies will provide new opportunities for previously unexplored knowledge on skin aging.
皮肤衰老受内在和外在因素的影响,这些因素会随着时间的推移逐渐损害皮肤的功能。研究皮肤衰老过程需要使用创新技术进行深入研究。本文探讨了在体外人类 3D 培养模型在皮肤衰老研究中的应用,这些模型可作为动物模型的有价值替代品。目的是强调改进分析人类皮肤衰老分子机制的方法的必要性和益处。传统的 2D 模型,包括角质形成细胞、成纤维细胞或黑素细胞的单层,即使提供了经济高效且简单的方法来研究细胞外基质降解、色素沉着以及细胞外泌体对皮肤细胞的影响等关键过程,但仍无法复制具有复杂组织架构和相互作用的皮肤。先进的 3D 模型(类器官培养、“皮肤芯片”技术、重建的人类皮肤和 3D 生物打印)极大地提高了生理相关性,能够更准确地再现皮肤衰老及其特殊特征。通过报告 3D 模型的优点和局限性,本文强调了使用先进的体外系统来开发实用的抗衰老预防和修复方法以及改善该领域的人类转化研究的重要性。对这些技术的进一步探索将为皮肤衰老的未知知识提供新的机会。