Tarrah Armin, Zhang Dong, Darvishzadeh Pariya, LaPointe Gisèle
Dairy at Guelph, Canadian Research Institute for Food Safety, Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2024 Sep 22;13(9):905. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics13090905.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a concern in the dairy industry. Recent studies have indicated that bedding serves as a reservoir for antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and antimicrobial-resistance genes (ARGs), while silage has been proposed as another possible source. The impact of AMR in dairy farming can be significant, resulting in decreased productivity and economic losses for farmers. Several studies have highlighted the safety implications of AMR bacteria and genes in bedding and silage, emphasizing the need for further research on how housing, bedding, and silage management affect AMR in farm environments. Exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of antibiotics, such as those from contaminated bedding and silage, can prompt bacteria to develop resistance mechanisms. Thus, even if antimicrobial usage is diminished, ARGs may be maintained in the dairy farm environment. By implementing proactive measures to tackle AMR in dairy farming, we can take steps to preserve the health and productivity of dairy cattle while also protecting public health. This involves addressing the prudent use of antibiotics during production and promoting animal welfare, hygiene, and management practices in bedding and farm environments to minimize the risk of AMR development and spread. This narrative review compiles the growing research, positioning the contribution of bedding and silage to the prevalence and dissemination of AMR, which can elicit insights for researchers and policymakers.
抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）是乳制品行业关注的问题。最近的研究表明，垫料是抗菌药物耐药菌和抗菌药物耐药基因（ARGs）的储存库，而青贮饲料被认为是另一个可能的来源。AMR对奶牛养殖的影响可能很大，会导致农民生产力下降和经济损失。多项研究强调了垫料和青贮饲料中AMR细菌和基因对安全的影响，强调需要进一步研究畜舍、垫料和青贮饲料管理如何影响农场环境中的AMR。接触亚致死浓度的抗生素，如来自受污染垫料和青贮饲料的抗生素，会促使细菌产生耐药机制。因此，即使减少抗菌药物的使用，ARGs仍可能在奶牛场环境中存在。通过采取积极措施应对奶牛养殖中的AMR，我们可以采取措施保护奶牛的健康和生产力，同时也保护公众健康。这包括在生产过程中谨慎使用抗生素，并促进垫料和农场环境中的动物福利、卫生和管理措施，以尽量减少AMR产生和传播的风险。这篇叙述性综述汇集了越来越多的研究，阐述了垫料和青贮饲料对AMR流行和传播的影响，可为研究人员和政策制定者提供见解。
