Neupane Saraswoti, Park Yoonseong, Watson D Wes, Trout Fryxell Rebecca T, Burgess Edwin R, Nayduch Dana
Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
Insects. 2024 Sep 22;15(9):730. doi: 10.3390/insects15090730.
Adult house flies ( L.) inhabiting dairy farms not only are nuisance pests but also harbor and disseminate bacteria. We examined the bacterial community composition, diversity, environmental sources, and prevalence in individual adult female house flies and cattle manure samples collected monthly from Florida, North Carolina, and Tennessee dairy farms between May and August 2021. Individual house flies carried diverse bacterial communities, encompassing all bacterial taxa (100%) identified across manure samples, and additional species likely acquired from the animals. Bacterial community assemblage in house flies and manure samples within farms varied by month. Some taxa were differentially associated with either house flies (, , and ) or manure samples (, , and Clostridia). House fly bacterial communities mostly contained specialist species originating from manure, with several taxa (, ) being potential pathogens of livestock and humans. These findings further support the role of house flies as carriers of cattle-associated bacteria, including pathogens, and their potential for disseminating these microbes among cattle and to neighboring environments. Since their bacterial communities provide a snapshot of their surrounding environment, house flies also serve as effective sentinels in xenosurveillance strategies.
栖息在奶牛场的成年家蝇（家蝇属）不仅是令人讨厌的害虫，还携带并传播细菌。我们研究了2021年5月至8月期间每月从佛罗里达州、北卡罗来纳州和田纳西州奶牛场采集的成年雌性家蝇个体和牛粪样本中的细菌群落组成、多样性、环境来源及流行情况。单个家蝇携带多种细菌群落，包括在粪便样本中鉴定出的所有细菌分类群（100%），以及可能从动物身上获取的其他物种。农场内家蝇和粪便样本中的细菌群落组合随月份而变化。一些分类群与家蝇（如嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌、鞘氨醇单胞菌和不动杆菌）或粪便样本（如芽孢杆菌、肠杆菌和梭菌纲）存在差异关联。家蝇细菌群落大多包含源自粪便的特化物种，其中几个分类群（如大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌）是家畜和人类的潜在病原体。这些发现进一步支持了家蝇作为与牛相关细菌（包括病原体）携带者的作用，以及它们在牛群之间和向周边环境传播这些微生物的可能性。由于家蝇的细菌群落反映了其周围环境的情况，因此家蝇也可作为异种监测策略中的有效哨兵。
