Żurawik Anna, Kasperski Tomasz, Olechowska-Jarząb Aldona, Szczesiul-Paszkiewicz Paulina, Żak Iwona, Wójcicki Michał, Maćkiw Elżbieta, Chmielarczyk Agnieszka
Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18 Str., 31-121 Cracow, Poland.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18 Str., 31-121 Cracow, Poland.
Pathogens. 2024 Aug 27;13(9):725. doi: 10.3390/pathogens13090725.
Listeriosis is one of the most serious foodborne diseases under surveillance, with an overall mortality rate in the EU currently being high at 18.1%. Therefore, this study aims to investigate strains isolated from clinical and food samples for susceptibility to antimicrobials, presence of virulence factors, and genetic diversity. Species were identified using the MALDI-TOF, resistance to 11 antibiotics was determined according to EUCAST guidelines, and multiplex PCR was used for serotyping and detecting virulence genes. Strains were genotyped using the PFGE method. Clinical strains showed full sensitivity to all tested antibiotics. In total, 33.3% of strains from food products were found to be resistant to ciprofloxacin and 4.2% to tetracycline. Most of the tested isolates (79.2%) belonged to serotype 1/2a-3a, and the rest (20.8%) belonged to serotype 4ab-4b,4d-4e. Five virulence genes (, , , , and ) were detected in all strains studied. The gene was the least common, in 37.5% of clinical strains and 18.75% of strains isolated from food products. Among the analyzed strains, 13 strains displayed unique PFGE profiles. The other 11 strains belong to 3 clusters of pulsotypes: cluster 1 (2 strains), cluster 2 (6 strains), and cluster 3 (2 strains). The percentage of hospitalizations and deaths of Polish patients with listeriosis indicates the seriousness of this disease, especially in an aging society, while the molecular testing of clinical strains has been rarely performed, which makes it difficult to determine the source of infection.
李斯特菌病是监测的最严重食源性疾病之一，目前欧盟的总体死亡率高达18.1%。因此，本研究旨在调查从临床和食品样本中分离出的菌株对抗菌药物的敏感性、毒力因子的存在情况以及遗传多样性。使用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱（MALDI-TOF）鉴定菌种，根据欧洲抗菌药物敏感性试验委员会（EUCAST）指南测定对11种抗生素的耐药性，并使用多重聚合酶链反应（PCR）进行血清分型和检测毒力基因。使用脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）方法对菌株进行基因分型。临床菌株对所有测试抗生素均表现出完全敏感性。总共发现33.3%的食品菌株对环丙沙星耐药，4.2%对四环素耐药。大多数测试分离株（79.2%）属于血清型1/2a - 3a，其余（20.8%）属于血清型4ab - 4b、4d - 4e。在所有研究菌株中检测到五个毒力基因（、、、和）。基因最不常见，在37.5%的临床菌株和18.75%的食品分离菌株中存在。在分析的菌株中，13株呈现独特的PFGE图谱。其他11株属于3个脉冲型簇：簇1（2株）、簇2（6株）和簇3（2株）。波兰李斯特菌病患者的住院率和死亡率表明了这种疾病的严重性，尤其是在老龄化社会中，而临床菌株的分子检测很少进行，这使得难以确定感染源。
