Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
PhD School of Applied Medical-Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Nutrients. 2024 Sep 12;16(18):3076. doi: 10.3390/nu16183076.
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has long been associated with several health benefits, including a reduced risk of heart disease, diabetes, and obesity. The MedDiet is characterized by a high consumption of foods such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish, and olive oil, along with a moderate intake of red meat and red wine with meals. Some studies report significant differences between men and women in susceptibility to obesity, with women at a higher prevalence of obesity than men. One unexplored aspect, however, concerns the sex difference in MedDiet adherence, which could be influenced by various factors, such as health perceptions, food preferences, and cultural influences. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness and impact of MedDiet adherence in men and women, with a focus on its influence on health and well-being, as well as its ability to promote sex equity in healthcare outcomes. Moreover, we aim to measure the overall health improvements in men and women participating in a MedDiet program, including changes in body composition and overall quality of life. This study highlights that the MedDiet is associated with more significant body weight loss in women, although their increase in MedDiet adherence was lower than in men. Trial registration: NCT01890070. Registered 24 June 2013.
地中海饮食（MedDiet）的坚持长期以来与多种健康益处相关联，包括降低心脏病、糖尿病和肥胖的风险。MedDiet 的特点是大量食用水果、蔬菜、全谷物、鱼类和橄榄油，同时适量摄入红肉和餐间红酒。一些研究报告称，男女对肥胖的易感性存在显著差异，女性肥胖的患病率高于男性。然而，一个尚未被探索的方面涉及到 MedDiet 坚持方面的性别差异，这可能受到健康认知、食物偏好和文化影响等各种因素的影响。本研究旨在评估 MedDiet 坚持对男性和女性的有效性和影响，重点关注其对健康和幸福感的影响，以及在医疗保健结果中促进性别平等的能力。此外，我们旨在衡量参与 MedDiet 计划的男性和女性的整体健康改善情况，包括身体成分和整体生活质量的变化。本研究表明，尽管女性 MedDiet 坚持程度低于男性，但 MedDiet 与更显著的体重减轻相关。
NCT01890070。注册于 2013 年 6 月 24 日。
