Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71004 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
Department of Healthcare, Faculty of Health, University of Vlora, 9401 Vlora, Albania.
Nutrients. 2024 Sep 17;16(18):3135. doi: 10.3390/nu16183135.
(1) Background: Nutrition is a critical aspect of health and well-being in the elderly population, as physiological changes associated with aging can impact nutrient utilization and dietary needs. The aim of this study was the assessment of nutritional screening and associated factors among community-dwelling elderly people. (2) Methods: This study is the first phase of an intervention trial of people aged 65 years and over who received primary health services and resided in the municipality of Archanes Asterousia in Crete, Greece. Nutritional risk was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment. Diet-related factors were analyzed, including health status (oral hygiene, depression, cognitive decline, impaired functioning, quality of life), social factors (educational attainment, marital status, type of work before 60 years), and lifestyle factors (smoking, drinking, diet). (3) Results: A total of 730 elderly people were evaluated (males, 31.5%), with an average age (±SD) of 76.83 (±6.68) years. MNA was found to have a statistically significant connection with assessment of oral hygiene, mental state, Charlson comorbidity, functional independence (assessed with the Barthel scale), and quality of life. The exception was geriatric depression (GDS), with which no statistically significant association was found ( > 0.05). Nutritional risk analysis revealed 379 participants (51.9%) to be adequately nourished, 205 (28.1%) to be at risk of malnutrition, and 146 (20.0%) to be malnourished. (4) Conclusions: These results clearly demonstrated the key factors that contribute to the nutritional screening of elderly people and need to be addressed by health authorities and social services.
(1) 背景：营养是老年人健康和福祉的关键方面，因为与衰老相关的生理变化可能会影响营养素的利用和饮食需求。本研究的目的是评估社区居住的老年人的营养筛查和相关因素。(2) 方法：本研究是对在希腊克里特岛阿彻纳斯·阿斯特罗西亚市接受初级卫生服务并居住的 65 岁及以上人群进行干预试验的第一阶段。使用 Mini Nutritional Assessment 评估营养风险。分析了与饮食相关的因素，包括健康状况（口腔卫生、抑郁、认知能力下降、功能受损、生活质量）、社会因素（教育程度、婚姻状况、60 岁前的工作类型）和生活方式因素（吸烟、饮酒、饮食）。(3) 结果：共评估了 730 名老年人（男性，31.5%），平均年龄（±SD）为 76.83（±6.68）岁。MNA 与口腔卫生评估、精神状态、Charlson 合并症、功能独立性（用巴氏量表评估）和生活质量有统计学显著关联。老年抑郁量表（GDS）除外，与 GDS 无统计学显著关联（>0.05）。营养风险分析显示，379 名参与者（51.9%）营养充足，205 名（28.1%）有营养不良风险，146 名（20.0%）营养不良。(4) 结论：这些结果清楚地表明了导致老年人营养筛查的关键因素，需要卫生当局和社会服务部门解决。
