富含类黄酮的饮食与非酒精性脂肪性肝病的较低风险及改善的影像学生物标志物相关：一项前瞻性队列研究。
A flavonoid-rich diet is associated with lower risk and improved imaging biomarkers of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a prospective cohort study.
作者信息
Bell William, Jennings Amy, Thompson Alysha S, Bondonno Nicola P, Tresserra-Rimbau Anna, Kühn Tilman, Cassidy Aedín
机构信息
The Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
The Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom; Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark; Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Western Australia, Australia.
出版信息
Am J Clin Nutr. 2024 Dec;120(6):1325-1334. doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.09.022. Epub 2024 Sep 26.
BACKGROUND
Mechanistic studies and short-term randomized trials suggest higher intakes of dietary flavonoids may protect against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
OBJECTIVES
We aimed to perform the first population-based study with long-term follow-up on flavonoid consumption, incident NAFLD, and validated NAFLD biomarkers.
METHODS
In a prospective study, we assessed the associations between flavonoid intake based on ≥2 24-h dietary assessments and NAFLD risk among 121,064 adults aged 40-69 y by multivariable Cox regression analyses. We further assessed the associations between flavonoid intake and magnetic resonance imaging-derived liver fat (a subset of n = 11,435) and liver-corrected T1 values (cT1; a subset of n = 9570), a marker of steatosis, more sensitive to inflammatory pathology.
RESULTS
Over 10 y of follow-up, 1081 cases of NAFLD were identified. Participants in the highest quartile (Q4) of the flavodiet score reflecting the consumption of foods high in flavonoids, had a 19% lower risk of NAFLD compared to the lowest quartile (Q1) [hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.81 (0.67, 0.97), P-trend = 0.02)]. Moreover, participants in the Q4 of the flavodiet score had lower liver fat and cT1 values than those in Q1 (liver fat: relative difference Q1 compared with Q4: -5.28%, P-trend = <0.001; cT1: relative difference Q1 compared with Q4: -1.73%, P-trend = <0.001). When compared to low intakes, high intakes of apples and tea were associated with lower NAFLD risk [apples: HR (95% CI): 0.78 (0.67, 0.92), P-trend = <0.01; tea: HR (95% CI): 0.86 (0.72, 1.02), P-trend = 0.03)]. Additionally, when compared to low intakes, high apple, tea, and dark chocolate intakes were significantly associated with lower liver fat values, whereas high tea and red pepper intakes were significantly associated with lower cT1 values.
CONCLUSIONS
The consumption of flavonoid-rich foods was associated with a reduced risk of NAFLD among middle-aged adults.
背景
机制研究和短期随机试验表明，较高的膳食类黄酮摄入量可能预防非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）。
目的
我们旨在进行第一项基于人群的长期随访研究，以探讨类黄酮摄入量、新发NAFLD及经过验证的NAFLD生物标志物之间的关系。
方法
在一项前瞻性研究中，我们通过多变量Cox回归分析，评估了基于≥2次24小时膳食评估得出的类黄酮摄入量与121,064名40 - 69岁成年人患NAFLD风险之间的关联。我们还进一步评估了类黄酮摄入量与磁共振成像得出的肝脏脂肪（n = 11,435的一个子集）以及肝脏校正T1值（cT1；n = 9,570的一个子集）之间的关联，cT1是脂肪变性的一个标志物，对炎症病理更敏感。
结果
在超过10年的随访中，共识别出1081例NAFLD病例。反映类黄酮含量高的食物摄入量的类黄酮饮食评分最高四分位数（Q4）的参与者，与最低四分位数（Q1）相比，患NAFLD的风险降低了19% [风险比（HR）（95%置信区间（CI））：0.81（0.67, 0.97），P趋势 = 0.02]。此外，类黄酮饮食评分Q4的参与者的肝脏脂肪和cT1值低于Q1的参与者（肝脏脂肪：Q1与Q4相比的相对差异：-5.28%，P趋势 = <0.001；cT1：Q1与Q4相比的相对差异：-1.73%，P趋势 = <0.001）。与低摄入量相比，高苹果和茶摄入量与较低的NAFLD风险相关 [苹果：HR（95% CI）：0.78（0.67, 0.92），P趋势 = <0.01；茶：HR（95% CI）：0.86（0.72, 1.02），P趋势 = 0.03]。此外，与低摄入量相比，高苹果、茶和黑巧克力摄入量与较低的肝脏脂肪值显著相关，而高茶和红辣椒摄入量与较低的cT1值显著相关。
结论
富含类黄酮食物的摄入与中年成年人患NAFLD风险降低有关。
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