Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Olav's hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 28;14(1):22476. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-72913-y.
Time-restricted eating (TRE) is a nutritional intervention that confines the daily time-window for energy intake. TRE reduces fasting glucose concentrations in non-pregnant individuals, but whether this eating protocol is feasible and effective for glycemic control in pregnancy is unknown. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to investigate the adherence to and effect of a 5-week TRE intervention (maximum 10 h daily eating window) among pregnant individuals at risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), compared with a usual-care control group. Participants underwent 2-h oral glucose tolerance tests and estimation of body composition, before and after the intervention. Interstitial glucose levels were continuously measured, and adherence rates and ratings of hunger were recorded daily. Thirty of 32 participants completed the trial. Participants allocated to TRE reduced their daily eating window from 12.3 (SD 1.3) to 9.9 (SD 1.0) h, but TRE did not affect glycemic measures, blood pressure, or body composition, compared with the control group. TRE increased hunger levels in the evening, but not in the morning, and induced only small changes in dietary intake. Adhering to a 5-week TRE intervention was feasible for pregnant individuals with increased risk of GDM but had no effect on cardiometabolic outcomes.
限时进食（TRE）是一种营养干预措施，它限制了每天摄入能量的时间窗口。TRE 可降低非孕妇的空腹血糖浓度，但这种饮食方案在妊娠期间是否可行且能有效控制血糖尚不清楚。本随机对照试验的目的是研究在有妊娠糖尿病（GDM）风险的孕妇中，与常规护理对照组相比，限时进食（每天最多 10 小时的进食窗口）干预措施的依从性及其对血糖的影响。在干预前后，参与者接受了 2 小时口服葡萄糖耐量试验和身体成分评估。连续测量间质葡萄糖水平，并每天记录依从率和饥饿感评分。32 名参与者中有 30 名完成了试验。与对照组相比，接受 TRE 的参与者将每日进食窗口从 12.3（SD 1.3）减少到 9.9（SD 1.0）小时，但 TRE 并未影响血糖、血压或身体成分。与对照组相比，TRE 增加了晚上的饥饿感，但不会增加早上的饥饿感，且对饮食摄入的影响很小。对于有 GDM 风险增加的孕妇来说，坚持 5 周的 TRE 干预是可行的，但对心血管代谢结局没有影响。
