Centre for International Health, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
J Nutr Sci. 2024 Sep 25;13:e47. doi: 10.1017/jns.2024.48. eCollection 2024.
There is an urgent need to develop sustainable and impactful interventions to mitigate the high risk of diet-related non-communicable diseases (diet-NCDs) in South Asians living in high-income countries. The current study using a co-design methodology aimed to identify community-led intervention components (solutions) to address barriers and enablers of disease-promoting dietary and physical activity behaviours in New Zealand South Asians. Data were collected from South Asian immigrants aged 25-59 years via three focus group discussions (n = 21) and 10 telephone or face-to-face interviews between 2018 and 2019. The thematic analysis resulted in identifying 22 barrier and enabler codes and 12 solution codes which were summarised under five themes. The key solutions (intervention components) to mitigate the identified target behaviours were providing recipes for using local vegetables in South Asian cuisine, information on the nutritional quality of frozen vegetables and canned lentils, simple home gardening techniques, the saturated fat content of dairy foods, interpreting nutrition labels, optimal portion sizes of foods, and framing low-fat messages positively. Similarly, group-based activities with peer support such as walking, cultural dancing and community sports like cricket, football, and tennis were the identified solutions to increase physical activity levels. The identified solutions for health promoting dietary habits and physical activity levels could be part of any targeted multicomponent health promoting programme to reduce the risk of diet-NCDs in South Asian immigrants.
目前迫切需要制定可持续且有影响力的干预措施，以降低生活在高收入国家的南亚人群因饮食导致的非传染性疾病（diet-NCDs）的高风险。本研究采用共同设计方法，旨在确定以社区为主导的干预措施（解决方案），以解决新西兰南亚人群中促进疾病发生的饮食和身体活动行为的障碍和促进因素。研究数据通过 2018 年至 2019 年期间的三次焦点小组讨论（n = 21）和 10 次电话或面对面访谈，从 25-59 岁的南亚移民中收集。通过主题分析，确定了 22 个障碍和促进因素代码以及 12 个解决方案代码，这些代码被总结为五个主题。减轻目标行为的关键解决方案（干预措施）是提供用当地蔬菜制作南亚菜肴的食谱、关于冷冻蔬菜和罐装小扁豆营养质量的信息、简单的家庭园艺技术、乳制品中的饱和脂肪含量、解释营养标签、食物的最佳份量以及以积极的方式构建低脂信息。同样，具有同伴支持的小组活动，如散步、文化舞蹈和板球、足球、网球等社区运动，是提高身体活动水平的解决方案。这些促进健康的饮食习惯和身体活动水平的解决方案可以成为任何有针对性的多组分健康促进计划的一部分，以降低南亚移民因饮食导致的非传染性疾病的风险。
