Institute of Learning Sciences and Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
Department of Sport Management, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Front Public Health. 2024 Sep 13;12:1457131. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1457131. eCollection 2024.
This study explores the perceptions of ChatGPT in healthcare settings in Taiwan, focusing on its usefulness, trust, and associated risks. As AI technologies like ChatGPT increasingly influence various sectors, their potential in public health education, promotion, medical education, and clinical practice is significant but not without challenges. The study aims to assess how individuals with and without healthcare-related education perceive and adopt ChatGPT, contributing to a deeper understanding of AI's role in enhancing public health outcomes.
An online survey was conducted among 659 university and graduate students, all of whom had prior experience using ChatGPT. The survey measured perceptions of ChatGPT's ease of use, novelty, usefulness, trust, and risk, particularly within clinical practice, medical education, and research settings. Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze how these factors influence perception in healthcare applications, comparing responses between healthcare majors and non-healthcare majors.
The study revealed that both healthcare and non-healthcare majors find ChatGPT more useful in medical education and research than in clinical practice. Regression analysis revealed that for healthcare majors, general trust is crucial for ChatGPT's adoption in clinical practice and influences its use in medical education and research. For non-healthcare majors, novelty, perceived general usefulness, and trust are key predictors. Interestingly, while healthcare majors were cautious about ease of use, fearing it might increase risk, non-healthcare majors associated increased complexity with greater trust.
This study highlights the varying expectations between healthcare and non-healthcare majors regarding ChatGPT's role in healthcare. The findings suggest the need for AI applications to be tailored to address specific user needs, particularly in clinical practice, where trust and reliability are paramount. Additionally, the potential of AI tools like ChatGPT to contribute to public health education and promotion is significant, as these technologies can enhance health literacy and encourage behavior change. These insights can inform future healthcare practices and policies by guiding the thoughtful and effective integration of AI tools like ChatGPT, ensuring they complement clinical judgment, enhance educational outcomes, support research integrity, and ultimately contribute to improved public health outcomes.
本研究探讨了 ChatGPT 在台湾医疗保健环境中的应用，重点关注其有用性、可信度和相关风险。随着 ChatGPT 等人工智能技术日益影响各个领域，其在公共卫生教育、促进、医学教育和临床实践中的潜力巨大，但也并非没有挑战。本研究旨在评估具有和不具有医疗保健相关教育背景的个体如何感知和采用 ChatGPT，从而深入了解人工智能在改善公共卫生成果方面的作用。
对 659 名大学生和研究生进行了在线调查，他们都有使用 ChatGPT 的经验。该调查衡量了他们对 ChatGPT 的易用性、新颖性、有用性、信任度和风险的看法，特别是在临床实践、医学教育和研究环境中。采用多元线性回归模型分析这些因素如何影响医疗保健应用中的感知，并比较医疗保健专业和非医疗保健专业的反应。
研究表明，医疗保健专业和非医疗保健专业的学生都认为 ChatGPT 在医学教育和研究中比在临床实践中更有用。回归分析显示，对于医疗保健专业学生，一般信任对于 ChatGPT 在临床实践中的采用至关重要，并影响其在医学教育和研究中的应用。对于非医疗保健专业学生，新颖性、感知的一般有用性和信任是关键预测因素。有趣的是，虽然医疗保健专业学生对易用性持谨慎态度，担心这可能会增加风险，但非医疗保健专业学生则认为增加复杂性会带来更大的信任。
本研究强调了医疗保健专业和非医疗保健专业学生对 ChatGPT 在医疗保健中的角色的不同期望。研究结果表明，需要根据特定用户需求定制人工智能应用程序，特别是在信任和可靠性至关重要的临床实践中。此外，像 ChatGPT 这样的人工智能工具在公共卫生教育和促进方面具有显著潜力，因为这些技术可以提高健康素养并鼓励行为改变。这些见解可以通过指导人工智能工具（如 ChatGPT）的深思熟虑和有效整合来为未来的医疗保健实践和政策提供信息，确保它们补充临床判断、增强教育成果、支持研究诚信，并最终有助于改善公共卫生成果。
