Wang Xin, Liu Han, Wang Yuan, Lin Yanli, Ni Kuikui, Yang Fuyu
College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
Bioresour Bioprocess. 2024 Oct 1;11(1):92. doi: 10.1186/s40643-024-00806-z.
Oats (Avena sativa L.) are rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds, serving as a roughage source for ruminants. This study investigated the impact of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), cellulase (M), and their combinations (LM) on the fermentation quality and metabolic compounds of oat silage. Results demonstrated that all additive treatments significantly increased lactic acid content compared to the control group (P < 0.05), with the lactic acid bacteria treatment group exhibiting the lowest pH value (P < 0.05). Analysis of antioxidant activity and metabolites in oat silage over 60 days revealed 374 differential metabolites with 113 up-regulated and 261 down-regulated, and all treatment groups showing higher antioxidant activity than raw oat materials (P < 0.05). Although no significant differences in antioxidant activity were observed among the various treatment groups in this experiment, notable changes in metabolic pathways were identified. Furthermore, two metabolites (carboxylic acids and derivatives and benzene and substituted derivatives) were identified through non-targeted metabolomics technology, both of which are strongly associated with the antioxidant activity of oat silage. This finding provides a theoretical basis for the efficient use of oat silage in animal husbandry.
燕麦（Avena sativa L.）富含营养物质和生物活性化合物，是反刍动物的粗饲料来源。本研究调查了乳酸菌（LAB）、纤维素酶（M）及其组合（LM）对燕麦青贮饲料发酵品质和代谢产物的影响。结果表明，与对照组相比，所有添加剂处理均显著提高了乳酸含量（P < 0.05），其中乳酸菌处理组的pH值最低（P < 0.05）。对燕麦青贮饲料60天内的抗氧化活性和代谢产物分析发现，有374种差异代谢产物，其中113种上调，261种下调，且所有处理组的抗氧化活性均高于原料燕麦（P < 0.05）。虽然本实验中各处理组之间未观察到抗氧化活性的显著差异，但发现了代谢途径的显著变化。此外，通过非靶向代谢组学技术鉴定出两种代谢产物（羧酸及其衍生物和苯及其取代衍生物），它们均与燕麦青贮饲料的抗氧化活性密切相关。这一发现为燕麦青贮饲料在畜牧业中的高效利用提供了理论依据。
