Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales, Instituto de Biotecnologpia Misiones "Dra. María Ebe Reca" (InBioMis), Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina.
CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
J Food Sci. 2024 Nov;89(11):6888-6915. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.17390. Epub 2024 Sep 30.
Edible and medicinal mushrooms possess excellent nutritional properties due to their incredible versatility in growing on different substrates and producing extracellular enzymes with a wide range of specificity. These features make them excellent candidates for various biotechnological applications. In this context, biotechnological applications using edible and medicinal mushrooms can focus on the bioprocessing of agro-industrial wastes, an economical and environmentally friendly strategy. This review, based on recent original research and scientific reviews, highlights the versatility and potential of mushrooms in terms of sustainability and efficiency. We emphasized the biotechnological applications of edible and medicinal mushrooms and their enzymes including food production with high nutraceutical value by enhancing the quality and flavor of food industry products. Other biotechnological applications addressed in this review were cosmeceutical and biomedical development using mushroom extracts with bioactive compounds; wood pulp pretreatment processes in the pulp and paper industry; bioethanol production; and bioremediation for decontaminating soils and polluted effluents. These applications explain how edible and medicinal mushrooms have gained significance in biotechnology over the years, opening new avenues for innovation. The current tendency to study edible and medicinal mushrooms has gained the attention of researchers because these are still less known organisms becoming an attractive and natural source of novel bioactive compounds that could be integrated into a circular model production.
食用和药用蘑菇由于其在不同基质上生长和产生具有广泛特异性的细胞外酶的惊人多功能性，具有极好的营养特性。这些特性使它们成为各种生物技术应用的优秀候选者。在这种情况下，使用食用和药用蘑菇的生物技术应用可以集中在农业工业废物的生物加工上，这是一种经济且环保的策略。本综述基于最近的原始研究和科学综述，强调了蘑菇在可持续性和效率方面的多功能性和潜力。我们强调了食用和药用蘑菇及其酶的生物技术应用，包括通过提高食品工业产品的质量和风味来生产具有高营养的食品。本综述还介绍了其他一些生物技术应用，如利用具有生物活性化合物的蘑菇提取物进行化妆品和生物医学开发；纸浆和造纸工业中的木浆预处理过程；生物乙醇生产；以及用于土壤和污染废水的生物修复。这些应用解释了食用和药用蘑菇多年来如何在生物技术中变得重要，为创新开辟了新途径。对食用和药用蘑菇的研究趋势引起了研究人员的关注，因为这些仍然是不太为人知的生物体，它们成为新型生物活性化合物的有吸引力和天然来源，这些化合物可以整合到循环模型生产中。
