Cao Jia, Yan Chengli, Chu Yanpeng, Chen Yuyu, Lei Yu, Kang Lianghui, Chen Jie, Zhong Xiaoli
Department of Nursing, Dazhou Central Hospital, 56th Nanyuemiao Street, Tongchuan District, Dazhou City, 635000, Sichuan Province, China.
Department of Nursing, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China.
BMC Nurs. 2024 Sep 30;23(1):703. doi: 10.1186/s12912-024-02369-y.
To investigate the status quo of nursing practices, job burnout and social support among private hospitals in Dazhou, Sichuan Province, and perform correlational analysis.
A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 244 nurses were surveyed via convenience sampling from 7 private hospitals, which were randomly selected from Dazhou city. A self-designed demographic sociology questionnaire was applied, and the Chinese versions of the Maslach Burnout Scale and the Social Support scale administered from September to November 2022.
The investigated nurses were relatively young (26.84 ± 4.90 years), had a short duration of service, a low academic background, a low professional title and a low income; however, they were highly satisfied with their working environment and had a low level of burnout, and their level of personal achievement was low. Overtime work, education level and number of children had significant impacts on the level of nurse burnout. The level of social support was high, and various dimensions were negatively correlated with the emotional exhaustion and depersonalization dimensions of burnout (r=-0.438, P < 0.01; r=-0.372, P < 0.01) and positively correlated with personal achievement (r = 0.291, P < 0.01). However, the level of social support was not significantly associated with burnout (r=-0.060, p = 0.354).
Nursing managers in private hospitals should consider ways of improving nurses' education, professional titles, working environment and increasing nurses' income to stabilize the nursing team. Efforts should be made to relieve the nurses' pressure, and notice the overtime work and professional development of nurses to enhance the personal sense of achievement. More measures should be taken to improve the level of social support, thereby promoting the continuous improvement of nursing quality. Due to the uneven level of social and economic development in different parts of China, the extensibility of the research needs to be confirmed by more studies, but it still has important reference significance for Northeast Sichuan, which represents areas with similar social and economic levels.
调查四川省达州市私立医院护理工作现状、职业倦怠及社会支持情况，并进行相关性分析。
采用横断面研究。通过便利抽样法，对达州市随机选取的7家私立医院的244名护士进行调查。应用自行设计的人口社会学调查问卷，并于2022年9月至11月发放中文版的马氏职业倦怠量表和社会支持量表。
被调查护士年龄相对较小（26.84±4.90岁），工作年限短，学历低，职称低，收入低；但他们对工作环境满意度较高，职业倦怠程度较低，个人成就感水平较低。加班、学历水平和子女数量对护士职业倦怠程度有显著影响。社会支持水平较高，各维度与职业倦怠的情感耗竭和去人格化维度呈负相关（r=-0.438，P<0.01；r=-0.372，P<0.01），与个人成就感呈正相关（r=0.291，P<0.01）。然而，社会支持水平与职业倦怠无显著相关性（r=-0.060，p=0.354）。
私立医院护理管理者应考虑提高护士学历、职称、改善工作环境、增加护士收入等方式，以稳定护理队伍。应努力缓解护士压力，关注护士加班及职业发展，以增强个人成就感。应采取更多措施提高社会支持水平，从而促进护理质量不断提升。由于我国不同地区社会经济发展水平不均衡，本研究的可推广性有待更多研究证实，但对代表社会经济水平相似地区的川东北地区仍具有重要参考意义。
