Choi Young-Sook, Ryu Sukhyun, Kim Ryu Kyung, Chiara Achangwa, Baek Soojin, Nam Hojin, Park Eunkyung, Kim Eun Kyoung, Choe Young June, Kwon Donghyok, Choi Won Suk
Director for Epidemiological Investigation Analysis, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea.
Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
J Korean Med Sci. 2024 Sep 30;39(37):e258. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e258.
This retrospective observational matched cohort study assessed the differences in critical infections caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during the omicron-predominant period of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We evaluated the vaccine effectiveness of bivalent mRNA vaccine compared to unvaccinated individuals.
We collected COVID-19 case data from the Korean COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness cohort. We calculated the probability of critical COVID-19 cases by comparing the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups.
The risk of being critically infected due to SAR-CoV-2 infection was 5.96 times higher (95% confidence interval, 5.63-6.38) among older individuals who were unvaccinated compared to those who received the bivalent COVID-19 vaccine.
Our findings indicate that the bivalent vaccine reduces the disease burden of the SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant, particularly among the older population. Further studies are warranted to determine the effectiveness of booster doses of vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
这项回顾性观察性匹配队列研究评估了2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行以奥密克戎为主的时期，严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的重症感染差异。我们评估了二价mRNA疫苗与未接种疫苗个体相比的疫苗效力。
我们从韩国COVID-19疫苗效力队列中收集COVID-19病例数据。通过比较接种疫苗组和未接种疫苗组，我们计算了重症COVID-19病例的概率。
与接种二价COVID-19疫苗的个体相比，未接种疫苗的老年人因感染SARS-CoV-2而发生重症感染的风险高出5.96倍（95%置信区间，5.63 - 6.38）。
我们的研究结果表明，二价疫苗减轻了SARS-CoV-2奥密克戎变异株的疾病负担，尤其是在老年人群中。有必要进一步研究以确定SARS-CoV-2感染疫苗加强针的效力。
