Leybo Denis, Etim Ubong J, Monai Matteo, Bare Simon R, Zhong Ziyi, Vogt Charlotte
Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, and Resnick Sustainability Center for Catalysis, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel.
Department of Chemical Engineering and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion (MATEC), Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology (GTIIT), 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, 515063, China.
Chem Soc Rev. 2024 Oct 28;53(21):10450-10490. doi: 10.1039/d4cs00527a.
Supported metal catalysts are essential to a plethora of processes in the chemical industry. The overall performance of these catalysts depends strongly on the interaction of adsorbates at the atomic level, which can be manipulated and controlled by the different constituents of the active material (, support and active metal). The description of catalyst activity and the relationship between active constituent and the support, or metal-support interactions (MSI), in heterogeneous (thermo)catalysts is a complex phenomenon with multivariate (dependent and independent) contributions that are difficult to disentangle, both experimentally and theoretically. So-called "strong metal-support interactions" have been reported for several decades and summarized in excellent review articles. However, in recent years, there has been a proliferation of new findings related to atomically dispersed metal sites, metal oxide defects, and, for example, the generation and evolution of MSI under reaction conditions, which has led to the designation of (sub)classifications of MSI deserving to be critically and systematically evaluated. These include dynamic restructuring under alternating redox and reaction conditions, adsorbate-induced MSI, and evidence of strong interactions in oxide-supported metal oxide catalysts. Here, we review recent literature on MSI in oxide-supported metal particles to provide an up-to-date understanding of the underlying physicochemical principles that dominate the observed effects in supported metal atomic, cluster, and nanoparticle catalysts. Critical evaluation of different subclassifications of MSI is provided, along with discussions on the formation mechanisms, theoretical and characterization advances, and tuning strategies to manipulate catalytic reaction performance. We also provide a perspective on the future of the field, and we discuss the analysis of different MSI effects on catalysis quantitatively.
负载型金属催化剂对于化学工业中的众多过程至关重要。这些催化剂的整体性能在很大程度上取决于原子水平上吸附质之间的相互作用，而这种相互作用可以通过活性材料的不同成分（载体和活性金属）进行调控。在多相（热）催化剂中，描述催化剂活性以及活性成分与载体之间的关系，即金属-载体相互作用（MSI），是一个复杂的现象，其多元（相关和独立）贡献在实验和理论上都难以厘清。所谓的“强金属-载体相互作用”已被报道数十年，并在优秀的综述文章中进行了总结。然而，近年来，与原子分散的金属位点、金属氧化物缺陷以及例如反应条件下MSI的产生和演变相关的新发现大量涌现，这导致了对MSI的（子）分类的指定，值得进行批判性和系统性的评估。这些包括在交替氧化还原和反应条件下的动态重构、吸附质诱导的MSI以及氧化物负载的金属氧化物催化剂中强相互作用的证据。在此，我们综述了关于氧化物负载金属颗粒中MSI的近期文献，以提供对主导负载型金属原子、团簇和纳米颗粒催化剂中观察到的效应的潜在物理化学原理的最新理解。我们对MSI的不同子分类进行了批判性评估，同时讨论了形成机制、理论和表征进展以及调控催化反应性能的策略。我们还对该领域的未来提供了展望，并定量讨论了不同MSI效应对催化作用的分析。
