São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental Research Center, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
Dental Research Division, Paulista University, Rua Doutor Bacelar, 1212, Sao Paulo 04026-002, Brazil.
Dent Mater. 2024 Nov;40(11):2025-2033. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.09.014. Epub 2024 Oct 2.
Lithium disilicate (LS) ceramic emerges as a compelling option for customized implant abutments. However, ensuring its safety and reliability requires clarification on key aspects, notably its impact on inflammation and potential for cell adhesion. This study delves into these considerations, examining the influence of LS ceramic on cytokine release and the transcriptional profile of human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) in direct contact with various LS surfaces.
hGFs were cultured on LS disks featuring three distinct surfaces (unpolished, polished, and polished glaze), while titanium disks served as reference material and cells cultured directly on plates as controls. The surface of the disks was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope. The cell metabolism was analyzed by MTT test, cytokine release by MAGPIX and the expression of genes related to cell adhesion was evaluated by qPCR.
The disks exhibited similar topography with smooth surfaces, except for the unpolished LS disks, which had an irregular surface. Contact with LS surfaces did not substantially reduce cell metabolism. Moreover, it generally decreased cytokine release compared to controls, particularly pro-inflammatory mediators like IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Significantly increased expression of genes related to cell adhesion to LS was observed, comparable to titanium, the gold standard material for implant abutments.
This study unveils that LS ceramic not only fails to trigger pro-inflammatory cytokine release, but also significantly enhances gene expression associated with cell adhesion. These mechanisms are closely linked to gene pathways such as PTK2, SRC, MAPK1, and transcription factors ELK-1 and MYC. In summary, the findings underscore LS ceramic's potential as a biocompatible material for implant abutments, shedding light on its favorable inflammatory response and enhanced cell adhesion properties.
二硅酸锂（LS）陶瓷作为定制种植体基台的一种极具吸引力的选择，其安全性和可靠性需要对关键方面进行澄清，特别是其对炎症的影响和细胞黏附的潜力。本研究深入探讨了这些问题，研究了 LS 陶瓷对与人牙龈成纤维细胞（hGFs）直接接触的各种 LS 表面释放细胞因子和转录谱的影响。
hGFs 培养在具有三种不同表面（未抛光、抛光和抛光釉面）的 LS 盘上，而钛盘作为参考材料，细胞直接在平板上培养作为对照。使用扫描电子显微镜分析盘的表面。通过 MTT 试验分析细胞代谢，通过 MAGPIX 分析细胞因子释放，通过 qPCR 评估与细胞黏附相关基因的表达。
除了未抛光的 LS 盘表面具有不规则表面外，这些盘具有相似的形貌，表面光滑。与 LS 表面接触不会显著降低细胞代谢。此外，与对照组相比，它通常会降低细胞因子的释放，特别是促炎介质如 IL-1β、IL-6 和 TNF-α。与钛（种植体基台的金标准材料）相比，观察到与 LS 黏附相关的基因表达显著增加。
本研究表明，LS 陶瓷不仅不能引发促炎细胞因子的释放，而且还显著增强了与细胞黏附相关的基因表达。这些机制与 PTK2、SRC、MAPK1 和转录因子 ELK-1 和 MYC 等基因途径密切相关。总之，这些发现强调了 LS 陶瓷作为种植体基台生物相容性材料的潜力，阐明了其有利的炎症反应和增强的细胞黏附特性。
