Genome resequencing and genome-wide polymorphisms in mosquito vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from south India.

Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes spread major vector-borne viral diseases in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the globe. In this study, we sequenced the genome of Indian Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus and mapped to their reference genomes. Comparative genomics were performed between our strain and the reference strains. A total of 14,416,484 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 156,487 insertions and deletions (InDels) were found in Ae. aegypti, and 28,940,433 SNPs and 188,987 InDels in Ae. albopictus. Particular emphasis was given to gene families involved in mosquito digestion, development, and innate immunity, which could be putative candidates for vector control. Serine protease cascades and their inhibitors called serpins, play a central role in these processes. We extracted high-impact variants in genes associated with serine proteases and serpins. This study reports for the first time a high coverage genome sequence data of an Indian Ae. albopictus mosquito. The results from this study will provide insights into Indian Aedes specific polymorphisms and the evolution of immune related genes in mosquitoes, which can serve as a resource for future comparative genomics and those pursuing the development of targeted biopesticides for effective mosquito control strategies.