School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
J Med Internet Res. 2024 Oct 4;26:e48580. doi: 10.2196/48580.
Implementing Patient Safety Incident Reporting and Learning (PSIRL) guidelines is critical in guiding clinical practice and improving clinical outcomes in specialized care units (SCUs). There is limited research on the evidence of the implemented PSIRL guidelines in SCUs at the global level.
This review aims to map the evidence of PSIRL guidelines implemented by health care professionals in specialized care units globally.
A scoping review methodology, according to Joanna Briggs Institute, was adopted. The eligibility criteria were guided by the Population, Concept, and Context (PCC) framework, with the Population including health care professionals, the Concept including PSIRL guidelines, and the Context including specialized units globally. Papers written in English were searched from relevant databases and search engines. The PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Scoping Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) checklist for used.
The 13 selected studies were published from 2003 to 2023. Most articles are from the Netherlands and Switzerland (n=3), followed by South Africa (n=2). The nature of implemented PSIRL guidelines was computer-based (n=11) and paper-based incident reporting (n=2). The reporting system was intended for all the health care professionals within the specialized units, focusing on patients, staff members, and families. The outcomes of implemented incident reporting guidelines were positive, as evidenced by improved reporting of incidents, including medication errors (n=8) and decreased rate of incidents and errors (n=4). Furthermore, 1 study showed no change (n=1) in implementing the incident reporting guidelines.
The implementation of reporting of patient safety incidents (PSIs) in specialized units started to be reported around 2002; however, the frequency of yearly publications remains very low. Although some specialized units are still using multifaceted interventions and paper reporting systems in reporting PSIs, the implementation of electronic and computer-based reporting systems is gaining momentum. The effective implementation of an electronic-based reporting system should extend into other units beyond critical care units, as it increases the reporting of PSIs, reducing time to make an informed reporting of PSIs and immediate accessibility to information when needed for analysis. The evidence on the implementation of PSI reporting guidelines in SCUs comes from 5 different continents (Asia, Africa, Australia, Europe, and North America). However, the number identified for certain countries within each continent is very minimal.
在专门护理单元（SCU）中实施患者安全事件报告和学习（PSIRL）指南对于指导临床实践和改善临床结果至关重要。全球范围内专门护理单元中实施 PSIRL 指南的证据有限。
本综述旨在绘制全球范围内医疗保健专业人员在专门护理单元中实施 PSIRL 指南的证据图。
采用乔安娜布里格斯研究所（Joanna Briggs Institute）的范围综述方法。纳入标准由人群、概念和背景（PCC）框架指导，人群包括医疗保健专业人员，概念包括 PSIRL 指南，背景包括全球范围内的专门单元。从相关数据库和搜索引擎中搜索英文文献。使用 PRISMA-ScR（用于范围综述和元分析的首选报告项目扩展用于范围综述）清单。
13 项选定的研究发表于 2003 年至 2023 年。大多数文章来自荷兰和瑞士（n=3），其次是南非（n=2）。实施 PSIRL 指南的性质为基于计算机的（n=11）和基于纸质的事件报告（n=2）。报告系统旨在涵盖专门单元内的所有医疗保健专业人员，重点关注患者、员工和家属。实施事件报告指南的结果是积极的，表现在事件报告的改善，包括用药错误（n=8）和事件和错误发生率的降低（n=4）。此外，有 1 项研究显示实施事件报告指南没有变化（n=1）。
专门单元中患者安全事件（PSIs）报告的实施始于 2002 年左右；然而，每年出版物的频率仍然非常低。尽管一些专门单元仍在使用多方面的干预措施和纸质报告系统来报告 PSIs，但电子和计算机化报告系统的实施正在加速。电子报告系统的有效实施应扩展到重症监护单元以外的其他单元，因为它增加了 PSIs 的报告，减少了做出知情报告 PSIs 的时间，并在需要时即时获得信息以供分析。专门护理单元中 PSI 报告指南实施的证据来自五个不同的大陆（亚洲、非洲、澳大利亚、欧洲和北美洲）。然而，每个大陆确定的特定国家数量非常少。
