Nie Hui, Li Chong, Jia Zhaohui, Cheng Xuefei, Liu Xin, Liu Qianqian, Chen Meiling, Ding Yong, Zhang Jinchi
Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China.
Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China; Institute of Plant Ecology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
J Environ Manage. 2024 Nov;370:122726. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122726. Epub 2024 Oct 3.
Peat is typically used as a carrier for microbial inoculants; however, due to its non-renewable nature alternatives need to be identified as reliable and renewable carriers for mineral-solubilizing inoculants. In pot experiments, solid microbial inoculants were comprised of peat (P), biochar (BC), and spent mushroom substrates (SMS) using Medicago sativa L. as experimental materials, and the purpose of this study is to assess the effect of solid microbial inoculants on soil multifunctionality and plant growth. The results revealed that the SMS microbial inoculant had the greatest positive impact on plant biomass and significantly stimulated soil multifunctionality which is typically managed or assessed based on various soil functions or processes that are crucial for sustaining productivity, in contrast to the peat microbial inoculant, particularly at a supply level of 100 g/pot. There was no significant correlation between soil multifunctionality and bacterial/fungal microbial diversity. However, according to the co-occurrence network of bacteria and fungi, soil multifunctionality was intimately correlated with the biodiversity of the main ecological clusters (modules) of bacteria and fungi, rather than to the entire soil microbial community structure. The keystone species of module hubs and connectors play critical roles in maintaining the stability of ecological clusters of microbial co-occurrence networks and linkages between ecological clusters. Soil pH is a major predictor of changes in plant biomass, and leads to changes therein by affecting the major ecological clusters of bacterial and fungal co-occurrence networks. These results suggested that SMS may serve as a good alternative to peat as a carrier of mineral-solubilizing microorganisms to maintain soil multifunctionality and promote plant growth.
泥炭通常用作微生物接种剂的载体；然而，由于其不可再生的性质，需要确定替代物作为解磷微生物接种剂的可靠且可再生的载体。在盆栽试验中，以紫花苜蓿为实验材料，将泥炭（P）、生物炭（BC）和菌渣（SMS）作为固体微生物接种剂，本研究的目的是评估固体微生物接种剂对土壤多功能性和植物生长的影响。结果表明，菌渣微生物接种剂对植物生物量有最大的积极影响，并显著促进了土壤多功能性，土壤多功能性通常是基于对维持生产力至关重要的各种土壤功能或过程来管理或评估的，相比之下，泥炭微生物接种剂则不然，尤其是在每盆供应100克的水平下。土壤多功能性与细菌/真菌微生物多样性之间没有显著相关性。然而，根据细菌和真菌的共生网络，土壤多功能性与细菌和真菌主要生态簇（模块）的生物多样性密切相关，而不是与整个土壤微生物群落结构相关。模块枢纽和连接点的关键物种在维持微生物共生网络生态簇的稳定性以及生态簇之间的联系方面发挥着关键作用。土壤pH是植物生物量变化的主要预测因子，并通过影响细菌和真菌共生网络的主要生态簇而导致其中的变化。这些结果表明，菌渣作为解磷微生物的载体，可能是泥炭的良好替代品，可维持土壤多功能性并促进植物生长。
