Mostafavi Mehrnaz, Ghazi Farhood, Mehrabifard Mahboobeh, Alivirdiloo Vahid, Hajiabbasi Mobasher, Rahimi Fatemeh, Mobed Ahmad, Taheripak Gholamreza, Ramezani Farani Marzieh, Huh Yun Suk, Bakhtiyari Salar, Alipourfard Iraj
Faculty of Allied Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.
Strahlenther Onkol. 2024 Oct 4. doi: 10.1007/s00066-024-02301-y.
Radiotherapy (RT) is a gold standard cancer treatment worldwide. However, RT has limitations and many side effects. Nanoparticles (NPs) have exclusive properties that allow them to be used in cancer therapy. Consequently, the combination of NP and RT opens up a new frontier in cancer treatment. Among NPs, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are the most extensively studied and are considered ideal radiosensitizers for radiotherapy due to their unique physicochemical properties and high X‑ray absorption. This review analyzes the various roles of NPs as radiosensitizers in radiotherapy of glioblastoma (GBS), prostate cancer, and breast cancer and summarizes recent advances. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms of NP radiosensitization, including physical, chemical, and biological mechanisms, are discussed, which may provide new directions for next-generation GNP optimization and clinical transformation.
放射疗法（RT）是全球癌症治疗的金标准。然而，放射疗法存在局限性且有许多副作用。纳米颗粒（NPs）具有独特的性质，使其可用于癌症治疗。因此，纳米颗粒与放射疗法的结合为癌症治疗开辟了新的前沿领域。在纳米颗粒中，金纳米颗粒（GNPs）是研究最为广泛的，由于其独特的物理化学性质和高X射线吸收能力，被认为是放射治疗的理想放射增敏剂。本文综述分析了纳米颗粒作为放射增敏剂在胶质母细胞瘤（GBS）、前列腺癌和乳腺癌放射治疗中的各种作用，并总结了近期进展。此外，还讨论了纳米颗粒放射增敏的潜在机制，包括物理、化学和生物学机制，这可能为下一代金纳米颗粒的优化和临床转化提供新的方向。
