International College of Football, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Department for Quality-of-Life Studies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
J Orthop Surg Res. 2024 Oct 5;19(1):629. doi: 10.1186/s13018-024-05124-w.
Isokinetic normative data in females' soccer players is scarce in comparison to males. Furthermore, evaluation protocols employed to obtain those data in female's studies, strongly differ from each other, using different ranges of speeds and movement patterns, thus producing different output data. Thus, it is difficult for the researcher and the clinician to choose a correct protocol for knee isokinetic test in female soccer players. Aim of this paper is to review the literature to provide updated information on how to interpret a knee isokinetic testing in healthy females.
Google Scholar, PubMed, Sport Discus, and Psych info databases were queried, and 17 papers were selected. Following PRISMA methodology and PEDro scale, we classified the retrieved papers and assessed the quality.
In this review some common features of isokinetic testing in female soccer players of various levels of qualification are highlighted. The isokinetic performance indexes widely accepted are the hamstring/quadriceps (H/Q) ratio and dominant/non-dominant (D/ND) ratio. It also emerges that, 3 reps at the speed of 60°/sec in knee flexion/extension are preferable due to the higher reliability and that the optimal H/Q ratio in healthy female soccer players of different level of qualification and age is 50%, while the interlimb differences (D/ND) should be below 10%.
Normative data and methodologies reviewed can be useful for the isokinetic test of female soccer players. It emerges that simplifying test procedures limiting at few testing speed and considering selected H/Q and D/ND gives all the necessary relevant informations.
与男性相比，女性足球运动员的等速运动学规范数据较为匮乏。此外，女性研究中使用的评估方案彼此之间差异很大，采用不同的速度范围和运动模式，从而产生不同的输出数据。因此，研究人员和临床医生很难为女性足球运动员的膝关节等速测试选择正确的方案。本文旨在回顾文献，为健康女性膝关节等速测试的解读提供最新信息。
在 Google Scholar、PubMed、Sport Discus 和 Psych info 数据库中进行了检索，共筛选出 17 篇论文。根据 PRISMA 方法学和 PEDro 量表，我们对检索到的论文进行了分类和质量评估。
在这项综述中，强调了不同水平女性足球运动员膝关节等速测试的一些常见特征。广泛接受的等速运动学性能指标包括腘绳肌/股四头肌（H/Q）比值和优势/非优势（D/ND）比值。研究还表明，由于更高的可靠性，3 次以 60°/秒的速度在膝关节屈伸运动中较为理想，而不同水平和年龄的健康女性足球运动员的最佳 H/Q 比值为 50%，而两腿间差异（D/ND）应低于 10%。
本文回顾的规范数据和方法学可为女性足球运动员的等速测试提供有用的参考。研究表明，简化测试程序，限制测试速度，考虑选择的 H/Q 和 D/ND，即可获得所有必要的相关信息。
