Wiranto Yumiko, Siengsukon Catherine, Mazzotti Diego R, Burns Jeffrey M, Watts Amber
Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
Sleep Adv. 2024 Sep 3;5(1):zpae066. doi: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae066. eCollection 2024.
The study aimed to investigate sex differences in the relationship between sleep quality (self-report and objective) and cognitive function across three domains (executive function, verbal memory, and attention) in older adults.
We analyzed cross-sectional data from 207 participants with normal cognition (NC) or mild cognitive impairment (89 males and 118 females) aged over 60 years. The relationship between sleep quality and cognitive performance was estimated using generalized additive models. Objective sleep was measured with the GT9X Link ActiGraph, and self-reported sleep was measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.
We found that females exhibited lower executive function with increased objective total sleep time, with a steeper decline in performance after 400 minutes ( = .015). Additionally, longer objective sleep correlated with lower verbal memory linearly ( = .046). In males, a positive linear relationship emerged between objective sleep efficiency and executive function ( = .036). Self-reported sleep was not associated with cognitive performance in females and males with NC. However, in males with cognitive impairment, there was a nonlinear positive relationship between self-reported sleep and executive function ( < .001).
Our findings suggest that the association between sleep parameters on cognition varies between older males and females, with executive function being most strongly associated with objective sleep for both sexes top of form. Interventions targeting sleep quality to mitigate cognitive decline in older adults may need to be tailored according to sex, with distinct approaches for males and females.
本研究旨在调查老年人睡眠质量（自我报告和客观测量）与认知功能在三个领域（执行功能、言语记忆和注意力）之间关系的性别差异。
我们分析了207名60岁以上认知正常（NC）或轻度认知障碍参与者（89名男性和118名女性）的横断面数据。使用广义相加模型估计睡眠质量与认知表现之间的关系。客观睡眠通过GT9X Link活动记录仪测量，自我报告的睡眠通过匹兹堡睡眠质量指数测量。
我们发现，随着客观总睡眠时间增加，女性的执行功能较低，在400分钟后表现下降更为明显（P = 0.015）。此外，较长的客观睡眠时间与较低的言语记忆呈线性相关（P = 0.046）。在男性中，客观睡眠效率与执行功能之间呈现正线性关系（P = 0.036）。自我报告的睡眠与认知正常的女性和男性的认知表现无关。然而，在患有认知障碍的男性中，自我报告的睡眠与执行功能之间存在非线性正相关（P < 0.001）。
我们的研究结果表明，睡眠参数与认知之间的关联在老年男性和女性中有所不同，执行功能与两性的客观睡眠关联最为紧密。针对睡眠质量以减轻老年人认知衰退的干预措施可能需要根据性别进行调整，男性和女性采用不同的方法。
