K Patel Prakash, Al-Rawahi Bader, Al-Farsi Noura, Al-Mahruqi Samira, Al-Busaidy Aisha, Al-Abri Seif
Department of Communicable diseases, DGDSC, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman.
Central Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman.
IJID Reg. 2024 Sep 5;13:100437. doi: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100437. eCollection 2024 Dec.
The main objective of the study is to describe the five lines of evidence of measles and rubella elimination in Oman.
A descriptive record review of the national surveillance database of fever and rash illnesses (measles and rubella surveillance) to demonstrate elimination status.
A total of 532 and 73 cases of measles and rubella cases were reported during 2000-2022, respectively. Of the reported measles cases during 2000-2022, 106 were sporadic cases and 36 outbreaks (426 cases) were reported. The size of the outbreaks was largely small and the largest and the longest outbreak was in 2016-2017 involving the Dhofar-South Sharqiyah governorates with 90 cases due to genotype B3, which lasted for 32 weeks. Of the reported rubella cases during 2000-2022; all 73 were sporadic cases with no outbreaks. The vaccination coverage of Measles Mumps Rubella 2 is high (>98.0%) at the national and sub-national levels since 2008, thus maintaining the high population immunity. The absence of endemic genotype was proven through genetic sequencing of all the reported cases and outbreaks of measles and rubella. The high-performance indicators showed quality surveillance system.
Oman fulfills the criteria for measles and rubella elimination. All the five lines of evidence were verified and Oman was certified to have eliminated measles and rubella in 2019. After 3 years of post-elimination, Oman has continued to maintain its elimination status successfully. High population immunity and quality surveillance resulted in sustaining the elimination during the post-elimination period.
本研究的主要目的是描述阿曼麻疹和风疹消除的五条证据线。
对发热出疹性疾病国家监测数据库（麻疹和风疹监测）进行描述性记录回顾，以证明消除状态。
2000 - 2022年期间，分别报告了532例麻疹病例和73例风疹病例。在2000 - 2022年报告的麻疹病例中，106例为散发病例，报告了36起疫情（426例）。疫情规模大多较小，最大且持续时间最长的疫情发生在2016 - 2017年，涉及佐法尔 - 南沙迦省，由B3基因型导致90例病例，持续了32周。在2000 - 2022年报告的风疹病例中，所有73例均为散发病例，无疫情发生。自2008年以来，国家和次国家层面的麻疹腮腺炎风疹联合疫苗2接种覆盖率很高（>98.0%），从而维持了较高的人群免疫力。通过对所有报告的麻疹和风疹病例及疫情进行基因测序，证明不存在流行基因型。高性能指标显示监测系统质量良好。
阿曼符合麻疹和风疹消除标准。所有五条证据线均得到验证，阿曼于2019年被认证为已消除麻疹和风疹。在消除后的3年里，阿曼成功持续维持了消除状态。高人群免疫力和高质量监测导致在消除后时期维持了消除状态。
