Ramamurthy Thirupugaz, Ahmed Shafath, Nandini Vidyashree V, Boruah Shiney
Prosthodontics, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Sep 7;16(9):e68856. doi: 10.7759/cureus.68856. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is widely used in the fabrication of dentures due to its aesthetic appeal and mechanical strength. However, PMMA's susceptibility to microbial colonization often leads to oral infections such as denture stomatitis. Enhancing the antimicrobial properties of denture materials is crucial for improving patient outcomes. Chitosan, a natural biopolymer, possesses inherent antimicrobial properties and could potentially enhance the microbial resistance of PMMA. This study has investigated the potential of chitosan-reinforced heat-polymerized PMMA denture material to reduce microbial colonization.
The aim of the study was to evaluate and assess the anti-bacterial and antifungal properties of chitosan-reinforced heat-polymerized PMMA with conventional heat-polymerized PMMA Materials and methods: Chitosan-reinforced PMMA samples were fabricated with varying chitosan concentrations (0% control, 5%, 10%, and 15% by weight). The fabrication involved mixing chitosan powder with PMMA powder, adding monomer liquid, followed by mixing, packing, and curing using the conventional heat polymerization technique. The antimicrobial efficacy was assessed in vitro using two common oral pathogens: and . Blood agar plates were used for and Sabouraud agar plates were used for . Each sample was placed on the respective agar plates inoculated with a standardized microbial suspension and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. The number of colony-forming units (CFUs) was counted to quantify microbial growth. Statistical analyses, including linear regression analysis, one-way ANOVA test, and Pearson correlation were performed to evaluate the relationship between chitosan concentration and antimicrobial efficacy. The p-value was calculated to determine the statistical significance of the results.
The chitosan-reinforced PMMA samples showed significantly greater antimicrobial efficacy compared to the conventional PMMA samples. The CFU counts for both and decreased with increasing chitosan concentration. Linear regression analysis indicated a strong negative correlation between chitosan concentration and CFU counts, with Pearson correlation coefficients of -0.97 for and -0.98 for . ANOVA analysis revealed a statistically significant difference in antimicrobial efficacy across different chitosan concentrations (p < 0.001).
Incorporating chitosan into heat-polymerized PMMA significantly enhances its antimicrobial properties against and . The antimicrobial efficacy improves with higher concentrations of chitosan, with the 15% chitosan-reinforced samples showing the most substantial reduction in microbial growth. These results suggest that chitosan-reinforced PMMA dentures could be a superior alternative to conventional PMMA dentures, potentially reducing denture-related infections and improving oral health outcomes for denture wearers.
聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）因其美学吸引力和机械强度而广泛用于义齿制造。然而，PMMA易受微生物定植影响，常导致口腔感染，如义齿性口炎。增强义齿材料的抗菌性能对于改善患者预后至关重要。壳聚糖是一种天然生物聚合物，具有固有的抗菌性能，可能增强PMMA的抗微生物能力。本研究调查了壳聚糖增强的热聚合PMMA义齿材料减少微生物定植的潜力。
本研究的目的是评估和评价壳聚糖增强的热聚合PMMA与传统热聚合PMMA的抗菌和抗真菌性能。材料和方法：制备了壳聚糖浓度不同（0%对照、5%、10%和15%重量）的壳聚糖增强PMMA样品。制备过程包括将壳聚糖粉末与PMMA粉末混合，加入单体液体，然后使用传统热聚合技术进行混合、包装和固化。使用两种常见口腔病原体在体外评估抗菌效果： 和 。血琼脂平板用于 ，沙氏琼脂平板用于 。将每个样品置于接种有标准化微生物悬液的相应琼脂平板上，在37°C孵育24小时。计算菌落形成单位（CFU）数量以量化微生物生长。进行了包括线性回归分析、单向方差分析和皮尔逊相关性分析在内的统计分析，以评估壳聚糖浓度与抗菌效果之间的关系。计算p值以确定结果的统计学显著性。
与传统PMMA样品相比，壳聚糖增强的PMMA样品显示出显著更高的抗菌效果。 和 的CFU计数均随壳聚糖浓度增加而降低。线性回归分析表明壳聚糖浓度与CFU计数之间存在强负相关， 时皮尔逊相关系数为-0.97， 时为-0.98。方差分析显示不同壳聚糖浓度的抗菌效果存在统计学显著差异（p < 0.001）。
将壳聚糖掺入热聚合PMMA中可显著增强其对 和 的抗菌性能。壳聚糖浓度越高，抗菌效果越好，15%壳聚糖增强的样品显示微生物生长减少最为显著。这些结果表明，壳聚糖增强的PMMA义齿可能是传统PMMA义齿的更好替代品，有可能减少与义齿相关的感染并改善义齿佩戴者的口腔健康状况。
