International Research Center, Centro Internacional de Pesquisa, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Rua Taguá, 440 - Primeiro andar, São Paulo, 01508-010, Brazil.
Hospital São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Clin Oral Investig. 2024 Oct 8;28(11):579. doi: 10.1007/s00784-024-05990-y.
The purpose of this review was to present the basic concepts of metabolomics methodology and the use of saliva for diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive strategies.
This review followed the focus in: "saliva metabolomics" and "oral diseases". The authors searched studies on PubMed database. The inclusion criteria were original studies and reviews that assessed metabolomics techniques. A descriptive analysis was performed considering the study design, approach system, clinical steps, and tools for the determination of profile or biomarkers metabolites, and the advantages and disadvantages.
Metabolomic analyses use a combination of analytical instrumentation and informatic tools to provide information on metabolite characteristics. In this review we described different technologies applied and the advantages and limitations of each technique. Furthermore, in the literature search, we retrieved 25 studies that investigated saliva metabolites in oral diseases: 8 studies used targeted analysis and 17 untargeted metabolomics approaches. Most studies included patients with periodontal diseases, oral squamous cell carcinoma, and Sjögren Syndrome. The most frequently reported metabolites were glycine, leucine, phenylalanine, dipeptides, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, tyrosine, choline, taurine, lactate, valine, and proline.
Metabolomics analysis has emerged as a powerful tool for tumor diagnosis and to enhance tumor classification, including salivary gland tumors (SGTs). It also holds promise for developing personalized treatment plans and defining more precise prognostic categories.
Metabolomics is the most functional and comprehensive technique for monitoring and understanding gene functions and identifying the biochemical state of an organism in response to genetic and environmental changes.
本文旨在介绍代谢组学方法的基本概念以及唾液在诊断、预后和预测策略中的应用。
本文的重点是“唾液代谢组学”和“口腔疾病”。作者在 PubMed 数据库中搜索了相关研究。纳入标准为评估代谢组学技术的原始研究和综述。通过考虑研究设计、系统方法、临床步骤和用于确定特征或生物标志物代谢物的工具，对其进行描述性分析，并评估其优缺点。
代谢组学分析结合使用分析仪器和信息工具，提供关于代谢物特征的信息。在本综述中，我们描述了不同的技术应用以及每种技术的优缺点。此外，在文献检索中，我们检索到 25 项研究，这些研究调查了口腔疾病中的唾液代谢物：8 项研究使用了靶向分析，17 项研究使用了非靶向代谢组学方法。大多数研究包括牙周病、口腔鳞状细胞癌和干燥综合征患者。报道最多的代谢物是甘氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、二肽、亚油酸、花生四烯酸、酪氨酸、胆碱、牛磺酸、乳酸、缬氨酸和脯氨酸。
代谢组学分析已成为肿瘤诊断和提高肿瘤分类的有力工具，包括唾液腺肿瘤（SGTs）。它还有望用于制定个性化的治疗计划和确定更精确的预后类别。
代谢组学是监测和理解基因功能以及识别生物体对遗传和环境变化的生化状态的最具功能和全面的技术。
