饮食的胰岛素生成潜力与2型糖尿病风险：一项荟萃分析与系统评价

Insulinemic potential of diet and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

作者信息

Farhadnejad Hossein, Abbasi Mehrnaz, Ahmadirad Hamid, Omrani Morteza, Jahromi Mitra Kazemi, Norouzzadeh Mostafa, Saber Niloufar, Teymoori Farshad, Mirmiran Parvin

机构信息

Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

College of Human Sciences, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.

出版信息

Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2024 Oct 10;16(1):246. doi: 10.1186/s13098-024-01474-x.

DOI:10.1186/s13098-024-01474-x

PMID:39385247

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11465829/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The possible role of the insulinemic potential of diet in the etiology of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has recently received significant attention in observational studies. This meta-analysis aimed to synthesize available evidence and quantify the potential association between the empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) score and T2D risk.

METHODS

Various electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science, were comprehensively searched up to January 2024 using related keywords to identify relevant studies. The hazard ratios (HR) or odds ratios were extracted from eligible cohort studies, and a random-effects model with an inverse variance weighting method was used to calculate the pooled effect size, which was expressed as HR.

RESULTS

The analysis included six cohort studies (four publications), with sample sizes ranging from 3,732 to 90,786 individuals aged 20 to 79 years. During follow-up periods of 5 to over 20 years, 31,284 T2D incidents were identified. The pooled results showed that a higher EDIH score was associated with an increased risk of T2D incidence (HR: 1.47; 95%CI 1.21-1.77; I = 91.3%). Significant publication bias was observed in the present meta-analysis (P = 0.020). Geographical region and follow-up period can be as sources of heterogeneity (P <0.001).

CONCLUSION

Our meta-analysis of observational studies suggested that a diet with a higher EDIH score may be associated with an increased risk of incidence of T2D.

摘要

背景

饮食的胰岛素生成潜力在2型糖尿病（T2D）病因学中的可能作用最近在观察性研究中受到了广泛关注。本荟萃分析旨在综合现有证据，并量化高胰岛素血症经验性饮食指数（EDIH）得分与T2D风险之间的潜在关联。

方法

截至2024年1月，使用相关关键词全面检索了包括Scopus、PubMed和Web of Science在内的各种电子数据库，以识别相关研究。从符合条件的队列研究中提取风险比（HR）或比值比，采用逆方差加权法的随机效应模型计算合并效应量，以HR表示。

结果

该分析纳入了6项队列研究（4篇出版物），样本量从3732人到90786人不等，年龄在20至79岁之间。在5年至20多年的随访期内，共识别出31284例T2D发病病例。汇总结果显示，较高的EDIH得分与T2D发病风险增加相关（HR：1.47；95%CI 1.21-1.77；I² = 91.3%）。本荟萃分析中观察到显著的发表偏倚（P = 0.020）。地理区域和随访期可能是异质性的来源（P < 0.001）。