MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.
Diabetologia. 2023 May;66(5):786-799. doi: 10.1007/s00125-023-05873-z. Epub 2023 Feb 14.
Nutrition therapy has been emphasised for decades for people with type 2 diabetes, and the vital importance of diet and nutrition is now also recognised for type 2 diabetes prevention. However, the complexity of diet and mixed messages on what is unhealthy, healthy or optimal have led to confusion among people with diabetes and their physicians as well as the general public. What should people eat for the prevention, management and remission of type 2 diabetes? Recently, progress has been made in research evidence that has advanced our understanding in several areas of past uncertainty. This article examines some of these issues, focusing on the role of diet in weight management and in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes. It considers nutritional strategies including low-energy, low-fat and low-carbohydrate diets, discusses inter-relationships between nutrients, foods and dietary patterns, and examines aspects of quantity and quality together with new developments, challenges and future directions.
几十年来，营养疗法一直被强调用于 2 型糖尿病患者，而饮食和营养的重要性现在也被认为对 2 型糖尿病的预防至关重要。然而，饮食的复杂性以及关于什么是不健康、健康或最佳的混合信息，导致糖尿病患者及其医生以及普通公众感到困惑。为了预防、管理和缓解 2 型糖尿病，人们应该吃什么？最近，在研究证据方面取得了进展，这在过去不确定的几个领域提高了我们的认识。本文探讨了其中的一些问题，重点关注饮食在体重管理以及 2 型糖尿病的预防和管理中的作用。它考虑了营养策略，包括低能量、低脂肪和低碳水化合物饮食，讨论了营养素、食物和饮食模式之间的相互关系，并研究了数量和质量的各个方面，以及新的发展、挑战和未来方向。
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