Verma Jyoti, Kumar Chitranjan, Sharma Monica, Saxena Sangeeta
Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226025 India.
Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313 India.
3 Biotech. 2024 Nov;14(11):263. doi: 10.1007/s13205-024-04110-7. Epub 2024 Oct 7.
This review discusses the eco-friendly and cost-effective biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in viable microorganisms, focusing on microbes-mediated AuNP biosynthesis. This process suits agricultural, environmental, and biomedical applications, offering renewable, eco-friendly, non-toxic, sustainable, and time-efficient methods. Microorganisms are increasingly used in green technology, nanotechnology, and RNAi technology, but several microorganisms have not been fully identified and characterized. Bio-nanotechnology offers eco-friendly and sustainable solutions for nanomedicine, with microbe-mediated nanoparticle biosynthesis producing AuNPs with anti-oxidation activity, stability, and biocompatibility. Ultrasmall AuNPs offer rapid distribution, renal clearance, and enhanced permeability in biomedical applications. The review explores nano-size dependent biosynthesis of AuNPs by bacteria, fungi, and viruses revealing their non-toxic, non-genotoxic, and non-oxidative properties on human cells. AuNPs with varying sizes and shapes, from nitrate reductase enzymes, have shown potential as a promising nano-catalyst. The synthesized AuNPs, with negative charge capping molecules, have demonstrated antibacterial activity against drug-resistant and strains, and were non-toxic to Vero cell lines, indicating potential antibiotic resistance treatments. A green chemical method for the biosynthesis of AuNPs using reducing chloroauric acid and protein extract has been described, demonstrating excellent stability and strong catalytic activity. AuNPs are eco-friendly, non-toxic, and time-efficient, making them ideal for biomedical applications due to their antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antibacterial properties. In addition to the biomedical application, the review also highlights the role of microbially synthesized AuNPs in sustainable management of plant diseases, and environmental bioremediation.
本综述讨论了在活微生物中进行金纳米粒子（AuNPs）的生态友好且具有成本效益的生物合成，重点关注微生物介导的AuNP生物合成。这一过程适用于农业、环境和生物医学应用，提供了可再生、生态友好、无毒、可持续且高效的方法。微生物在绿色技术、纳米技术和RNA干扰技术中的应用日益广泛，但仍有几种微生物尚未得到充分鉴定和表征。生物纳米技术为纳米医学提供了生态友好且可持续的解决方案，微生物介导的纳米粒子生物合成可产生具有抗氧化活性、稳定性和生物相容性的AuNPs。超小金纳米粒子在生物医学应用中具有快速分布、经肾清除和增强通透性的特点。本综述探讨了细菌、真菌和病毒对AuNPs的纳米尺寸依赖性生物合成，揭示了它们对人类细胞无毒、无基因毒性和无氧化的特性。由硝酸还原酶产生的具有不同尺寸和形状的AuNPs已显示出作为一种有前景的纳米催化剂的潜力。合成的带有负电荷封端分子的AuNPs对耐药菌株和 菌株具有抗菌活性，且对Vero细胞系无毒，表明其在抗生素耐药性治疗方面具有潜力。已描述了一种使用还原氯金酸和 蛋白提取物生物合成AuNPs的绿色化学方法，该方法具有出色的稳定性和强催化活性。AuNPs生态友好、无毒且高效，因其抗氧化、抗糖尿病和抗菌特性而非常适合生物医学应用。除了生物医学应用外，本综述还强调了微生物合成的AuNPs在植物病害可持续管理和环境生物修复中的作用。
