Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA.
Alzheimers Dement. 2024 Nov;20(11):8048-8061. doi: 10.1002/alz.14303. Epub 2024 Oct 11.
Recent technological advances have increased the risk that de-identified brain images could be re-identified from face imagery. The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) is a leading source of publicly available de-identified brain imaging, who quickly acted to protect participants' privacy.
An independent expert committee evaluated 11 face-deidentification ("de-facing") methods and selected four for formal testing.
Effects of de-facing on brain measurements were comparable across methods and sufficiently small to recommend de-facing in ADNI. The committee ultimately recommended mri_reface for advantages in reliability, and for some practical considerations. ADNI leadership approved the committee's recommendation, beginning in ADNI4.
ADNI4 de-faces all applicable brain images before subsequent pre-processing, analyses, and public release. Trained analysts inspect de-faced images to confirm complete face removal and complete non-modification of brain. This paper details the history of the algorithm selection process and extensive validation, then describes the production workflows for de-facing in ADNI.
ADNI is implementing "de-facing" of MRI and PET beginning in ADNI4. "De-facing" alters face imagery in brain images to help protect privacy. Four algorithms were extensively compared for ADNI and mri_reface was chosen. Validation confirms mri_reface is robust and effective for ADNI sequences. Validation confirms mri_reface negligibly affects ADNI brain measurements.
最近的技术进步增加了从面部图像重新识别去识别化脑图像的风险。阿尔茨海默病神经影像学倡议（ADNI）是公开提供去识别化脑成像的主要来源，他们迅速采取行动保护参与者的隐私。
一个独立的专家委员会评估了 11 种面部去识别（“去面”）方法，并选择了四种进行正式测试。
去面方法对大脑测量的影响在方法之间具有可比性，并且足够小，因此建议在 ADNI 中进行去面。委员会最终推荐了 mri_reface，因为它在可靠性方面具有优势，并且在一些实际考虑方面具有优势。ADNI 领导层批准了委员会的建议，从 ADNI4 开始。
ADNI4 在随后的预处理、分析和公开发布之前，对所有适用的脑图像进行去面。经过培训的分析人员检查去面图像，以确认完全去除面部和完全不修改大脑。本文详细介绍了算法选择过程和广泛验证的历史，然后描述了 ADNI 中去面的制作工作流程。
ADNI 从 ADNI4 开始实施 MRI 和 PET 的“去面”。“去面”改变了脑图像中的面部图像，以帮助保护隐私。为 ADNI 对四种算法进行了广泛比较，选择了 mri_reface。验证确认 mri_reface 对 ADNI 序列具有强大而有效的作用。验证确认 mri_reface 对 ADNI 大脑测量的影响可以忽略不计。
