青少年怀孕与贫血。希腊北部十年转诊情况。
Adolescent pregnancy and anemia. Ten years of referrals in Northern Greece.
作者信息
Theodoridou S, Vyzantiadis A, Theodoridis A, Sotiriadis A, Mamopoulos A, Dinas K
机构信息
Haemoglobinopathy Prevention Unit, Hippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
1 Department of Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
出版信息
Hippokratia. 2024 Jan-Mar;28(1):11-16.
BACKGROUND
Births from adolescent mothers account globally for 10 % of all births and 23 % of maternal morbidity and mortality. Adolescence is a period of rapid biological changes; therefore, teens have a risk of developing iron deficiency anemia. The present study aimed to determine the hematological profile and compare the distribution and the severity of anemia among pregnant adolescents (12-19 years old) over ten years in Northern Greece.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
We conducted a retrospective study of pregnant adolescents' medical records and laboratory data recorded during their first prenatal consultation. The laboratory workout was performed in the Thalassemia Prevention Unit of the Hippokration Hospital of Thessaloniki, Greece, from 2013 to 2022.
RESULTS
Two hundred nine of the adolescents were of Greek Nationality (88.3 %) (86 Greek natives of the general population; 41.1 %, 112 members of the Roma community; 53.5 %, 11 members of the Muslim minority of Thrace; 5.2 %) and 29 (11.6 %) were immigrants from the Balkans, Middle East, and Asia. The mean age (± standard deviation) of the 238 pregnant women in our study's cohort was 16.67 ± 1.67 years, and the majority of them (90 %) were approximately between 15-19 years, and 10 % were between 12-14 years. Half of the cohort were Greek Roma (47 %) and were our study's youngest (15.9 ± 1.3 years old) adolescent pregnant women. All registered pregnant adolescents had abandoned school. Our data shows anemia in 33.6 %, iron deficiency anemia in 28.5 %, and iron deficiency in 54.6% of these pregnant adolescents. Migrants and Roma had the lowest hemoglobin levels in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, respectively, while we found the lowest ferritin levels in Roma and Muslims of Thrace.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite existing knowledge regarding adolescent pregnancy prevalence and its adverse effects, it nonetheless remains a socio-medical problem and a matter of concern in our country. HIPPOKRATIA 2024, 28 (1):11-16.
背景
全球青少年母亲生育的婴儿占所有出生人口的10%，占孕产妇发病和死亡人数的23%。青春期是生物快速变化的时期；因此，青少年有患缺铁性贫血的风险。本研究旨在确定希腊北部10年间怀孕青少年（12 - 19岁）的血液学特征，并比较贫血的分布和严重程度。
材料与方法
我们对怀孕青少年首次产前咨询时记录的病历和实验室数据进行了回顾性研究。实验室检测于2013年至2022年在希腊塞萨洛尼基希波克拉底医院的地中海贫血预防科进行。
结果
209名青少年为希腊国籍（88.3%）（86名希腊普通人群本地人；41.1%，112名罗姆社区成员；53.5%，11名色雷斯穆斯林少数民族成员；5.2%），29名（11.6%）是来自巴尔干半岛、中东和亚洲的移民。我们研究队列中的238名孕妇的平均年龄（±标准差）为16.67 ± 1.67岁，其中大多数（90%）年龄在15 - 19岁之间，10%在12 - 14岁之间。队列中有一半是希腊罗姆人（47%），是我们研究中最年轻的（15.9 ± 1.3岁）怀孕青少年。所有登记的怀孕青少年都已辍学。我们的数据显示，这些怀孕青少年中33.6%患有贫血，28.5%患有缺铁性贫血，54.6%缺铁。移民和罗姆人分别在妊娠中期和晚期血红蛋白水平最低，而我们发现色雷斯的罗姆人和穆斯林铁蛋白水平最低。
结论
尽管已有关于青少年怀孕患病率及其不良影响的知识，但在我国，青少年怀孕仍然是一个社会医学问题，令人担忧。《希波克拉底》2024年，28(1):11 - 16。
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