Guo Shan, Wang Xin, Shan Danni, Xiao Yu, Ju Lingao, Zhang Yi, Wang Gang, Qian Kaiyu
Department of Biological Repositories, Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.
Biomark Res. 2024 Oct 14;12(1):123. doi: 10.1186/s40364-024-00661-2.
Cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), which carry diverse biomolecules such as nucleic acids, proteins, metabolites, and lipids reflecting their cell of origin, are released under both physiological and pathological conditions. EVs have been demonstrated to mediate cell-to-cell communication and serve as biomarkers. EV-associated DNA (EV-DNA) comprises genomic and mitochondrial DNA (i.e., gDNA and mtDNA) fragments. Some studies have revealed that EV-DNA can represent the full nuclear genome and mitochondrial genome of parental cells. Furthermore, DNA fragments loaded into EVs are stable and can be transferred to recipient cells to regulate their biological functions. In this review, we summarized and discussed EV-DNA research advances with an emphasis on EV-DNA detection at the population-EV and single-EV levels, gene transfer-associated biological functions, and clinical applications as biomarkers for disease liquid biopsy. We hope that this review will provide potential directions or guidance for future EV-DNA investigations.
细胞衍生的细胞外囊泡（EVs）在生理和病理条件下均可释放，其携带反映其起源细胞的多种生物分子，如核酸、蛋白质、代谢物和脂质。EVs已被证明可介导细胞间通讯并作为生物标志物。EV相关DNA（EV-DNA）包含基因组和线粒体DNA（即gDNA和mtDNA）片段。一些研究表明，EV-DNA可代表亲本细胞的完整核基因组和线粒体基因组。此外，装载到EVs中的DNA片段是稳定的，可转移至受体细胞以调节其生物学功能。在本综述中，我们总结并讨论了EV-DNA的研究进展，重点关注群体EV和单EV水平的EV-DNA检测、基因转移相关的生物学功能以及作为疾病液体活检生物标志物的临床应用。我们希望本综述能为未来的EV-DNA研究提供潜在的方向或指导。
