School of Pharmacy, Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou 412012, China.
College of Food Science and Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China.
Molecules. 2024 Oct 4;29(19):4707. doi: 10.3390/molecules29194707.
Adlay bran, often discarded or used as animal feed, holds untapped potential. This study explores the beneficial properties of water-soluble polysaccharides (ABPs), extracted using a hot water method, with the aim of transforming what is commonly regarded as waste into a valuable resource. The response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to fine-tune the extraction parameters, establishing conditions at 80.0 °C, 2.5 h, and a water-to-material ratio of 31.6 mL/g. Structural studies showed that ABPs consist of different monosaccharides, including rhamnose, arabinose, glucosamine, glucose, galactose, xylose, mannose, and glucuronic acid, with respective molar ratios of 2.12%, 2.40%, 0.52%, 77.12%, 7.94%, 3.51%, 2.55%, and 3.82%. The primary component of these polysaccharides has a molecular weight averaging 12.88 kDa. The polysaccharides feature eight distinct linkage types: →3,4)-Rha-(1→ at 5.52%, →4)-Glc-(1→ at 25.64%, Glc-(1→ at 9.70%, →3,4)-Glc-(1→ at 19.11%, →4)-Xyl-(1→ at 7.05%, →3)-Glc-(1→ at 13.23%, →3,4)-Gal-(1→ at 9.26%), and →4,6)-Gcl-(1→ at 12.49%. The semi-crystalline properties of ABPs and their shear-thinning characteristics were validated by X-ray diffraction and rheology tests. In vitro assays highlighted the strong antioxidant activities of ABPs, as evidenced by DPPH and ABTS hydroxyl radical scavenging tests, along with significant metal chelating and reducing powers. Additionally, ABPs showed significant inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase, making them attractive as versatile additives or as agents with antioxidant and blood-sugar-lowering properties in both the food and pharmaceutical sectors. These findings support the utilization of adlay bran for higher-value applications, harnessing its bioactive components for health-related benefits.
薏苡仁麸皮通常被丢弃或用作动物饲料，但其实它具有尚未被开发的潜力。本研究旨在将被视为废物的薏苡仁麸皮转化为有价值的资源，通过热水法提取其水溶性多糖（ABPs），探索其有益特性。本研究采用响应面法（RSM）优化提取参数，在 80.0°C、2.5 小时和水料比为 31.6mL/g 的条件下进行提取。结构研究表明，ABPs 由不同的单糖组成，包括鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、氨基葡萄糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖、木糖、甘露糖和葡萄糖醛酸，摩尔比分别为 2.12%、2.40%、0.52%、77.12%、7.94%、3.51%、2.55%和 3.82%。这些多糖的主要成分的分子量平均为 12.88kDa。多糖具有八种不同的键合类型：→3,4)-Rha-(1→（5.52%）、→4)-Glc-(1→（25.64%）、Glc-(1→（9.70%）、→3,4)-Glc-(1→（19.11%）、→4)-Xyl-(1→（7.05%）、→3)-Glc-(1→（13.23%）、→3,4)-Gal-(1→（9.26%）和→4,6)-Gcl-(1→（12.49%）。X 射线衍射和流变学测试验证了 ABPs 的半结晶性质和剪切变稀特性。体外试验结果表明 ABPs 具有较强的抗氧化活性，DPPH 和 ABTS 羟基自由基清除试验、金属螯合和还原能力均表明这一点。此外，ABPs 对α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶具有显著的抑制作用，这使其在食品和制药领域作为多功能添加剂或具有抗氧化和降血糖特性的药物具有吸引力。这些发现支持将薏苡仁麸皮用于更高价值的应用，利用其生物活性成分获得与健康相关的益处。
