Zhang Qiuqiu, Wu Sha, Dai Qinghua, Hu Peng, Chen Guangjing
College of Food Science and Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China.
School of Pharmacy, Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou 412012, China.
Foods. 2024 Jul 30;13(15):2417. doi: 10.3390/foods13152417.
Drying conditions significantly impact the compositions and microstructures of polysaccharides, leading to various effects on their chemical characteristics and bioactivities. The objective of this study was to investigate how different industrial drying techniques, i.e., hot air drying, infrared drying, microwave vacuum drying, and freeze drying, affect the structural properties and biological activities of polysaccharides extracted from Tratt fruit (RRTP). Results revealed that these drying methods significantly altered the extraction yield, molecular weights, monosaccharide ratios, contents of uronic acid and total sugars, gelling properties, particle sizes, thermal stability, and microstructures of RRTPs. However, the monosaccharide composition and functional groups of polysaccharides remained consistent across the different drying techniques. Biological activity assays demonstrated that RRTPs, particularly those processed through microwave vacuum drying (MVD-RRTP), exhibited excellent anti-linoleic acid oxidation, robust anti-glycosylation effects, and significant α-glucosidase inhibition in vitro. The outcomes of this research demonstrate that microwave vacuum drying serves as an effective pre-extraction drying method for RRTPs, enhancing their biological activities. This technique is particularly advantageous for preparing RRTPs intended for use in functional foods and pharmaceuticals, optimizing their health-promoting properties for industrial applications.
干燥条件对多糖的组成和微观结构有显著影响，从而对其化学特性和生物活性产生各种效应。本研究的目的是探讨不同的工业干燥技术，即热风干燥、红外干燥、微波真空干燥和冷冻干燥，如何影响从特拉特果（RRTP）中提取的多糖的结构性质和生物活性。结果表明，这些干燥方法显著改变了RRTPs的提取率、分子量、单糖比例、糖醛酸和总糖含量、凝胶特性、粒径、热稳定性和微观结构。然而，多糖的单糖组成和官能团在不同的干燥技术中保持一致。生物活性测定表明，RRTPs，特别是那些通过微波真空干燥处理的（MVD-RRTP），在体外表现出优异的抗亚油酸氧化、强大的抗糖基化作用和显著的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用。本研究结果表明，微波真空干燥是RRTPs一种有效的提取前干燥方法，可增强其生物活性。该技术对于制备用于功能性食品和药品的RRTPs特别有利，可优化其在工业应用中的健康促进特性。
