Department of Developmental Psychiatry, Psychotic Disorders and Old Age Psychiatry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-282 Gdansk, Poland.
Institute of Medical Science, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, ul. Warzywna 1a, 35-215 Rzeszow, Poland.
Nutrients. 2024 Sep 29;16(19):3304. doi: 10.3390/nu16193304.
The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze research studies focused on orthorexia nervosa (ON) as a spectrum of eating disorders, and to summarize potential risk factors in different age and social groups. ON is characterized by an obsession with healthy eating, which leads to a restrictive diet and health problems.
Due to a lack of comprehensive analyses, this review re-examined studies from 2006 to 2023, initially retrieving 53,134 articles. Upon refining the criteria and risk factors for eating disorders, 34 notable records were identified. These studies employed diagnostic tools such as ORTO and BOT, focusing on risk factors for ON.
Results indicate that individuals suffering from eating disorders, losing weight, exercising heavily, developing relationship problems, and suffering from body dysmorphic disorder are at high risk of developing ON. A significant correlation was found between ON, BMI, and gender, but not between ON and OCD. Interestingly, ON symptoms appear to overlap with those of other eating disorders, such as anorexia and bulimia, especially in terms of obsessive control over dieting and fear of gaining weight, indicating a close relationship between the two.
Interestingly, orthorexia nervosa may serve as a coping mechanism for anorexia, providing a sense of control. However, further research on its long-term effects is required.
本研究旨在比较和分析以饮食障碍为范畴的神经强迫症（ON）研究，总结不同年龄和社会群体的潜在风险因素。ON 的特点是对健康饮食的痴迷，导致饮食受限和健康问题。
由于缺乏全面的分析，本次综述重新检查了 2006 年至 2023 年的研究，最初检索到 53134 篇文章。在细化饮食障碍的标准和风险因素后，确定了 34 份有价值的记录。这些研究采用了 ORTO 和 BOT 等诊断工具，重点关注 ON 的风险因素。
结果表明，患有饮食障碍、减肥、大量运动、出现人际关系问题和患有身体畸形障碍的个体，患 ON 的风险较高。ON 与 BMI 和性别呈显著相关，但与强迫症无关。有趣的是，ON 症状与其他饮食障碍（如厌食症和贪食症）的症状重叠，尤其是在对节食的强迫控制和对体重增加的恐惧方面，表明两者之间存在密切关系。
有趣的是，神经强迫症可能是厌食症的应对机制，提供一种控制感。然而，需要进一步研究其长期影响。
